Zero/First Conditional
freeze water
become solid
If you freeze water, it becomes solid.
(we) have a garden
(we) get a dog
If we had a garden, we would get a dog.
I don't believe a news story if it isn't from a reputable source.
Use UNLESS
I don't believe a news story unless it is from a reputable source.
I am not a good cook, so I didn't invite them to dinner yesterday.
If I were a good cook, I would have invited them to lunch.
I didn't win the lottery in the past and so I am not rich now.
If I had won the lottery, I would be rich.
(you) study hard
(you) pass the exam
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
You will pass the exam if you study hard.
How do you make 3rd conditional?
If + Past Perfect (had + V3) + Would/Could have + Past Participle (V3)
you/had/used a stronger password, your account might not have been hacked.
Had you used a stronger password, your account might not have been hacked.
Sam doesn't speak English so he doesn't go travelling outside of Italy often.
If Sam spoke English, he would go travelling outside of Italy more often.
I didn't work hard at school, so I don't have a good job now.
not water plants
plants die
If you don't water plants, they die
(I) live near the beach
(I) swim every day
If I lived near the beach, I would swim every day.
I would swim every day if I lived near the beach.
I wouldn't eat that food if I wasn't really hungry.
Use UNLESS
I wouldn't eat that food unless I was really hungry.
I love you so I married you last year.
If I didn't love you, I wouldn't have married you last year.
She is angry at you now because you didn't tell her the truth this morning.
If you had told her the truth this morning, she wouldn't be angry at you now.
(we) not hurry
(we) miss the bus
If we don't hurry, we will miss the bus.
We will miss the bus if we don't hurry.
What (you) do
(you) win a lot of money
What would you do if you won a lot of money?
If you won a lot of money, what would you do?
I could have helped you but you didn't tell me the truth.
Use INVERSION
I could have helped you had you told me the truth.
I am not good at Maths so I didn't pass the exam.
If I were good at Maths, I would have passed the exam.
We didn't look at the map and so we are lost now.
If we had looked at the map, we wouldn't be lost.
(she) be angry
(you) be late again
She will be angry if you are late again.
If you are late again, she will be angry
She left home late and she was late to school.
(she) leave earlier
(she) not late to school
If she had left home earlier she, she wouldn't have been late to school.
She wouldn't have been late to school if she had left earlier.
You can only use maps in your test if you show them to me first.
Use PROVIDED
You can only use maps in your test provided you show them to me first.
I'm a bit clumsy and I dropped and broke my phone this morning.
COMPLETE THIS WITHOUT A COMMA
I wouldn't have dropped and broken my phone if I wern't so clumsy.
I didn't get enough sleep last night and so I'm really tired at school today.
COMPLETE THIS WITHOUT A COMMA.
I wouldn't be so tired at school today if I had gotten enough sleep last night.