Origins & Insertions
Imaging
Vertebral Column
CNS and PNS
QoD
100
The origins of the trapezius muscle
What are the nuchal ligament, medial third of inferior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, spinous processes of C7-T12?
100
The five radiographic densities (as seen on X-Ray) from lowest to highest.
What are air, fat, fluid/soft tissue, mineral/bone, and metal?
100
Name the type of vertebrae and its distinguishing features.
What is a cervical vertebrae? Contains transverse foramina, large vertebral body, and bifid spinous process.
100
The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary action.
What is the autonomic nervous system?
100
The name of the injury caused by acute downward force on the C1 vertebrae.
What is the Jefferson's (burst) fracture?
200
The insertion point of the latissimus dorsi muscle.
What is the floor of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus?
200
The appearance of water-like fluid in T1 MRI.
What is black?
200
The ligament that connects adjacent vertebral laminae.
What is the ligamentum flavum?
200
The type of neuron contained in the dorsal root ganglion.
What is a pseudounipolar sensory/afferent neuron?
200
The term that describes forward displacement of a vertebrae relative to its inferior attachment typically caused by complete fracture of interarticular parts of the vertebral laminae.
What is spondylolisthesis?
300
The origin of the rhomboid major.
What are the spinous processes of T2-T5?
300
Lower frequency ultrasound produces this type of image. (Describe depth and resolution).
What is an image with deep penetration and poor resolution?
300
The spinal region where the spinal cord terminates (in an adult) (1) and the name of the tapering end of the spinal cord (2)?
What are the L1/L2 region (1) and the conus medullaris (2)?
300
The area of the skin supplied by nerve fibers from a single spinal nerve root.
What is a dermatome?
300
If there is a herniation of the L2/L3 IV disc, this spinal nerve is going to be affected.
What is the L3 spinal nerve?
400
The general landmark in which all of the transversospinalis muscles originate
What are the transverse processes of vertebrae?
400
This image of the lumbar spine depicts this technique.
What is T2 MRI?
400
The name for the extension of the dura along anterior and posterior spinal rootlets that forms the boundaries of the dural sac.
What are Dural root sheaths/Thecal sleeves?
400
The neurotransmitter secreted by sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
What is norepinephrine?
400
The reason that metastatic cancers can affect vertebral bodies in the vertebral column.
What is the lack of valves within the internal vertebral venous plexus/Batson's venous plexus?
500
The insertion point/"inferior attachment" of the serratus posterior superior
What are the superior borders of the 2nd-4th ribs?
500
The way in which ultrasound images are produced can be described this way.
What is "sound waves emitted in short pulses from the probe transmit into the body, hitting internal structures composed of different tissues, thus reflecting wave back to the transducer which transduces the signal into an image"?
500
The name of these ligaments and their function.
What are the alar ligaments? They function to limit and check head rotation and lateral flexion.
500
Describe the pathway of sensory and motor neurons traveling through the nervous system.
What is "the sensory fiber travels from the receptor through the dorsal root ganglion where its cell body resides, and synapses in either the lateral horn or the anterior/ventral horn of the gray matter of the spinal cord with an interneuron or motor/afferent neuron, respectively. The signal then travels into and through the motor neuron, out the anterior root, into the spinal nerve, then through either the posterior or anterior ramus of the spinal nerve to then synapse at its effector organ"?
500
You would perform a spinal tap on an infant in this region (describe why).
What is the L4/L5 segment because the neonate spinal cord terminates at L3?