Convection
How does the Sun create convection on Earth?
It heats Earth unevenly.
What do you call the cold winds near the poles that blow from the east?
Polar easterlies
What is the main force that pushes SURFACE currents?
Wind
Which type of wind occurs along the coast during the day?
Sea Breeze
Name 2 ways to increase the elastic potential energy of a spring.
1. Stretch it.
2. Compress it.
Name the 2 places convection occurs on Earth.
1. Atmosphere
2. Oceans
What is the name of the steady winds that flow near the equator?
Trade winds
Name the 2 things that affect density currents.
1. Temperature
2. Salinity (amount of salt)
Which type of wind occurs along the coast at night?
Land Breeze
Name the symbiotic relationship of the example below:
Algae grows on a crab's back and makes the crab look like a rock. The crab's back provides a place for the algae to grow.
Mutualism
Describe the movement of molecules based on their temperature.
Warmer molecules rise and cooler molecules sink.
Describe the doldrums.
areas of high pressure and calm air
What do you call a circular system of currents?
Gyre
What warms faster during the day but cools faster at night to make the direction of the wind shift?
The land.
In what form do plants store chemical energy?
Sugar
What type of energy is circulating during any convection process?
thermal energy
Describe how the Coriolis Effect moves air.
It makes air move in a curved pattern; air curves clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.
What causes ocean currents to spin clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere?
Coriolis Effect
The air over the land heats up and rises.
The cooler air over the water sinks.
This occurs during the day.
What type of organism will always be found on the lowest trophic level of an energy pyramid?
Producers
Fully describe the convection process responsible for creating wind.
Sun heats Earth unevenly.
Warm air at the equator rises.
Cool air at the poles sinks.
This movement creates a convection current called wind.
Westerlies:
Tell where they are AND which direction they move.
Westerlies can be found between 30/60 North and 30/60 South latitude.
They flow from west to east.
Wind pushes water away from the surface.
Deeper, cold water rises to replace it.
Describe how a land breeze is formed and when it occurs.
The air over the water heats up and rises.
The cooler air over the land sinks.
This occurs during at night.
What is main source of energy for all processes on Earth?
Sun