Chiari Challenge
Chiari I malformation involves downward displacement of which structures?
What are the cerebellar tonsils?
Syringomyelia is a cystic enlargement of which part of the spinal cord?
What is the central canal?
CSF flows from the lateral ventricles into the third ventricle after passing through what?
What is the Interventricular foramina
Decreased CSF absorption at the arachnoid granulations causes what type of hydrocephalus?
What is communicating hydrocephalus?
“Wet, wacky, wobbly” is the classic presentation of what condition?
What is normal pressure hydrocephalus?
Chiari I is commonly associated with what central spinal cord abnormality?
What is syringomyelia?
Which sensory pathway is commonly affected first in syringomyelia?
What is the spinothalamic tract?
CSF travels from the third ventricle to the fourth through what structure?
What is the cerebral aqueduct?
A structural blockage inside the ventricular system causes what type of hydrocephalus?
What is non-communicating hydrocephalus?
In normal pressure hydrocephalus, what does “wet” refer to?
What is urinary incontinence?
Chiari II is classically associated with which neural tube defect?
What is myelomeningocele?
The damaged spinothalamic fibers cross through what structure?
What is the anterior white commissure?
What are the lateral openings that allow CSF to leave the fourth ventricle?
What are the foramina of Luschka?
Stenosis of which structure is a classic cause of obstructive hydrocephalus?
What is the cerebral aqueduct?
In normal pressure hydrocephalus, what does “wobbly” refer to?
What is a magnetic gait?
In Chiari II, which two hindbrain structures herniate downward?
What are the cerebellum and medulla?
Which two sensory modalities are classically lost in syringomyelia?
What are pain and temperature?
What is the single medial opening of the fourth ventricle called?
What is the foramen of Magendie?
Meningitis or hemorrhage can lead to hydrocephalus by interfering with what CSF process?
What is CSF absorption by the arachnoid granulations?
What is ventricular enlargement caused by cortical atrophy called?
What is hydrocephalus ex vacuo?
A patient has cerebellar tonsil herniation and bilateral upper-extremity pain and temperature loss. What two diagnoses explain these findings?
What are Chiari I malformation and syringomyelia?
A patient repeatedly burns the shoulders but still feels vibration and joint position. Which pathway is damaged, and which is spared
What is the spinothalamic tract damaged with dorsal columns spared?
Give the normal CSF pathway from the lateral ventricles to the subarachnoid space.
What is lateral ventricles → interventricular foramina → third ventricle → cerebral aqueduct → fourth ventricle → foramina of Luschka/Magendie → subarachnoid space?
If the cerebral aqueduct is completely blocked, which ventricles enlarge upstream?
What are the lateral ventricles and third ventricle?
An older adult has severe cortical atrophy and enlarged ventricles but no CSF obstruction. What is the diagnosis?
What is hydrocephalus ex vacuo?