Strain & Control Theories
Who coined the term sociology?
August Comte
The Ecological School of Criminology is typically associated with which American city?
Chicago
Which group of theories examines why people do not engage in crime?
conflict theories
Which group of feminist theorists argues that women should have the same rights and treatment as men?
liberal feminism
Which two theorists' longitudinal study of delinquent boys in Philadelphia paved the way for developmental criminology?
Sheldon & Eleanor Glueck
What term refers to a state of social disintegration that is characterized by widespread normlessness?
anomie
What did Wolfgang & Ferracuti (1967) consider to be a culturally learned adaptation?
violence
According to Marxist criminology, what are the names of the 2 social classes within society?
Bourgeoisie (dominant class)
Proletariat (working class)
Which wave of feminism was defined by its focus on guaranteeing women's sexual and reproductive freedom?
2nd Wave (1960s - early 1980s)
Moffitt's dual taxonomy distinguished between which 2 groups of offenders?
adolescence-limited
life-course persistent
Which theorist(s) came up with differential association theory?
Edwin Sutherland
What term refers to the inability of community members to achieve shared values or to solve jointly experienced problems?
social disorganization
What term refers to the idea that deviance is a collective action whose definition is governed by society?
symbolic interactionism
Which feminist perspective holds that the cause of inequality is men's need to control female sexuality?
radical feminism
Which life course theory was concerned with how the presence, strength, and quality of informal social bonds varied over time?
age-graded informal social control theory
What are the 5 modes of adaptation according to strain theory?
conformity
innovation
ritualism
retreatism
rebellion
What were the 6 focal concerns examined by Miller (1958) in his focal concern theory?
fate
autonomy
trouble
toughness
excitement
smartness
Which branch of criminological theories argues that crime is the result of struggles between social classes?
Marxist criminology
Feminist criminology evolved from which branch of feminist thought?
liberal feminism
What is the difference between a transition and a turning point?
transition = salient event along the life course
turning point = transition that is influential enough to alter one's trajectory along the life course
What are the 5 techniques of neutralization according to Sykes & Matza's neutralization theory?
denial of responsibility
denial of injury
denial of the victim
condemnation of the condemners
appeal to higher loyalties
What are the names of the 5 concentric zones within Burgess' (1925) theory, and which one was most subjected to the ecological principles Park (1936) suggested?
Zone I - Central Business District
***Zone II - Zone in Transition***
Zone III - Inner City/Working Class
Zone IV - Residential Zone
Zone V - Commuter Zone
Colvin & Pauley's (1983) integrated structural-Marxist theory combines elements of which 4 other groups of criminological thought?
learning
strain
control
labeling
Which term refers to the idea that women's increased involvement in the labor force also increased their opportunity to commit certain types of crime?
liberation thesis
Thornberry's interactional model of offending was based upon which 5 primary theoretical constructs?
commitment to school
attachment to peers
belief in conventional values
adoption of delinquent values
association with delinquent peers