Mens Rea
A mens rea in which someone is not aware of a substantial and unjustifiable risk
AND
A reasonable person would have been aware of the risk
What is negligence?
The part of a judicial decision in which the court states its ruling in the case.
What is the holding?
This crime consists of two or more parties making an agreement to commit a crime.
What is conspiracy?
These acts are considered "inherently evil"
This type of crime, which consists of "being" a certain condition such as a drug addict, has repeatedly been found unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
What is a status offense?
A mens rea in which a person's actions are intention or deliberate and done with a conscious objective to cause a result
What is purposeful?
The part of a decision in which one or more justices disagree with the outcome of the case and explain their reasoning.
What is a dissent?
This person assisted the principal before or during the crime.
What is an accomplice?
This body of judge-made law developed over time in England beginning in about 1300 and still influences American law today.
What is common law?
This term refers to "a failure to act."
What is an omission?
A crime that doesn't require a mens rea
What is strict liability?
The part of a case that identifies where the case can be found.
What is the case citation?
An accomplice is liable for all the foreseeable actions of a principal under this rule.
What is the natural and probable consequences doctrine?
This advisory document created by a panel of lawyers, judges and scholars provides a template of criminal law that states may choose whether to reference.
What is the Model Penal Code?
This is a "preparatory offense" that involves knowledge of an object's presence, control over an object and knowledge of the character of an object.
What is possession?
A mens rea in which a person is aware that circumstances exist or that his or her conduct is likely to bring about that result
What is knowingly?
When a judge agrees with the outcome of the case but writes separately to explain her reasoning.
What is a concurrence?
This person assisted the principal after the commission of a crime.
What is an accessory?
Unlike criminal law, this branch of law protects individual interests, rather than the public.
What is civil law?
According to this rule, a person does not typically have an affirmative duty to intervene to stop a harm.
The American Bystander Rule
This mens rea exists when:
A person consciously disregards a substantial and unjustifiable risk
AND
This is a gross deviation from the standard of conduct of a law-abiding person in his or her situation
What is recklessness?
If a case name contains the names of two people (e.g. roe v. wade), you are likely looking at this type of case.
What is a civil case?
According to this rule, simply watching the commission of a crime does not establish an actus reus of accomplice liability.
What is the mere presence rule?
These are crimes that are punished by a maximum of less than a year in prison.
What are misdemeanors?
This part of actus reus is defined as "a bodily movement that is product of conscious choice"
What is a voluntary act?