Social Organization
A System by which a society ranks categories of people in hierarchy
What is social stratification?
Position in society assigned at birth
What is ascribed status?
Learned customs, knowledge, material objects, language, religion & behavior
What is culture?
Knowledge, beliefs, values & rules for appropriate behavior
What are norms?
Norms reinforce patterns of dominance in a society
What is Marx's view of cultural norms?
The name of the individual layers in social hierarchy
What is social class?
Share distinctive patterns of mores, folkways, and values that differ from larger society
What is a subculture?
Informal and formal rewards and penalties for conduct in society
What are sanctions?
Understood customs
What are folkways?
Norms reinforce societal standards
What is the functionalist view of cultural norms?
The three dimensions determining one's power in society, according to Max Weber
What are class, status and prestige?
Tendency to think people behave in a certain way because or WHO they are rather than the situation they are in
What is the fundamental attribution error?
The fastest component of culture to change
What is material culture?
Family, School, Peer Group, Mass media & technology, Workplace & the State
What are agents of socialization?
Language influences how people understand the world and behave in it
What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?
The process by which non-group-members adopt the values and standards of groups that they aspire to join
What is anticipatory socialization?
A culture's general orientation towards life
What are values?
The most critical aspect of culture
What is language?
Calls for strong punishment
What is a taboo?
Norms are reinforced through daily interactions with others
What is the symbolic interactionist view of cultural norms?
Unequal property relations
What does Karl Marx believe creates social stratification?
Tendency to assume that one's culture is superior
What is ethnocentrism?
Material, Normative, Symbolic, Cognitive
What are components of culture?
The speed limit on the highway is 55 mph; the average speed of the cars is 65 mph
What is the difference between an "ideal norm" and a "real norm"?
George Ritzer's theory about society becoming efficient and standardized
What is McDonaldization?