Dementia
Term that represents the unawareness of one's own deficits- "lack of insight"
Anosognosia
This is a primary cause of RHD
stroke
an alternative or supplemental approach to formal assessment that targets potential to learn
dynamic assessment
Most common cause of TBI
falls
What is selective attention?
selectively process information while inhibiting responses to nontarget information
Three assessments that are especially appropriate in assessing communication in AD
Arizona Battery for Communication Disorders in Dementia (ABCD; Bayles & Tomoeda, 1993)•Useful in mild AD•Vision, hearing, and literacy screens•14 subtests assessing cognitive-linguistic functions•Norms available
Functional Linguistic Communication Inventory (FLCI; Bayles & Tomoeda, 1994)•10 subtests: greeting and naming, question answering, writing, object-picture matching, etc.•Moderate-to-later stages of AD
Communication Activities of Daily Living (CADL-3; Holland et al, 2018)•50 test items assessing communication activities/scenarios (e.g., call 911)•Reading/writing/number use, social interaction, divergent communication, contextual communication, nonverbal communication, etc.•Appropriate for mild-moderate AD•Has dementia and PPA in normative sample
_______ is a disorder of attention and a common symptom following RHD, and the neural correlate is in _____ cortex
left neglect; right parietal
When should formal, standardized tests should be administered [assuming a single-insult injury]?
post acute stage
Leading cause of TBI related deaths
MVAs
Baddeley's model describes what kind of memory?
Working memory
Three components are: Central executive, phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad
These are the three variants of FTD
two variants of PPA (semantic and nonfluent) as well as the behavioral variant
This test is the most comprehensive test we discussed with respect to RHD
Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Clinical management of Right Hemisphere Dysfunction
This kind of test allows for comparison of an individual's performance with the performance of a group
norm referenced
Define a primary mechanism of TBI and give one example
•Occur at the time of trauma
•Related to the instantaneous effects of acceleration/deceleration (translational) and rotational forces acting on the skull and brain
Cerebral lacerations, DAI,hemorrhage
Which memory type is the last to be impacted in AD?
Procedural/nondeclarative.
Episodic=>semantic=>procedural
beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles cause...
Alzheimer's dementia
These four areas constitute major nonlinguistic deficits of RHD
Denial of illness (Anosognosia)•Facial recognition deficits (Prosopagnosia)•Neglect•Attention deficits
This test is administered and scored in a consistent manner
standardized test
These parts of the brain are the MOST susceptible to TBI
bottom surface of frontal lobes + anterior temporal lobes
Describe spaced-retrieval training
•Capitalizes on spared procedural memory
•“errorless” learning
•Candidates: persons with (amnestic) mild-mod dementia and ability sustain attention to structured learning
•Strategies to assist new learning and retention
•Typically addresses daily living tasks
•Recalling information/strategy or motor tasks over increasingly longer intervals (3 min-6min-12 min)
•If patient fails to recall information/procedure, trainer returns to previous interval
•Easily modifiable/can be tailored to individual’s functional needs
•May even be adapted for use even in late stages (e.g., recall caregiver’s name or simple procedural tasks)
this dementia type usually progresses in a step-wise pattern________ because of ________
vascular dementia
Why do individuals with RHD exhibit difficulty with comprehending proverbs?
inflexible with activation or suppression of alternate meanings
This term refers to the degree to which the result of a measurement, calculation, or specification can be depended on to be accurate.
reliability
Describe the Ylvisaker approach to TBI management/treatment
-Executive function/Self-regulation is the underlying theme in TBI management
-Context-sensitive, everyday, routine-based intervention
-As opposed to decontextualized, impairment-based exercises
-Functional, individualized rehabilitation plans centered around goals and activities that are important to the individual
-Behavior plans that are antecedent-focused
-Communication/behavior plans that focus on teaching positive communication alternatives to negative behavior
-Positive communication scripts ideally become integrated into patient’s sense of personal identity
-Use of plays, scripts, metaphors
Why do we use caution when using formal assessments with TBI patients? AND what are two tests that were rated by the experts as being the best options
Use caution when employing standardized tests…WHY?
• Integrate findings with those of other professionals (e.g., neuropsychology)
• Standardized testing should be considered within the context of
• Pre-injury characteristics, stage of development/recovery, life/communication
contexts, etc.
Scales of Cognitive Ability for Traumatic Brain Injury
Cognitive Liguistic Quick Test
California Verbal Learning Test(memory)
Functional Assessment of Communication Skills in Aduls
Behavior Ratin Inventroy of Executive Function
Test Of Language Competence – Extended
Communication Activities of Daily Living
Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Statuts
Western AphasiaBattery