Basics
Ptotal = Pdry + Pwater
John Dalton was studying atmospheric humidity.
Difficulty breathing in high altitudes
Total pressure decreasing in atmosphere = O2 partial pressure decreasing as well
Total pressure is based on...
(M/m/n)
Total number of moles in a gas mixture
Why can scuba diving be dangerous
Some gases become dangerous when partial pressure is above certain levels
When is Dalton's Law NOT applied?
When gases react with each other chemically
Example of gas that becomes dangerous above a certain safety level
N2 == dissolve in blood and bubbles out when P decreases
leads to a change in consciousness and neurological functions
Formula of Dalton's Law
Ptotal = Pgas 1 + Pgas 2 + Pgas 3 + ...Pgas n
Explain how the respiratory system is related to Dalton's law: Ptotal = PCO2 + PO2 + PN2 + PH2O+ Pother gases
Gases we breathe in = total atmospheric pressure
The individual breaths in air = the partial pressure of the gases in the atmosphere (proportional; mole fractions)
Four gases in a tank have respective partial pressures of 0.20 atmosphere, 0.35 atmosphere, 0.15 atmosphere, and 0.60 atmosphere. What is the total gas pressure inside the tank?
1.30 atm
Partial pressure of a gas is calculated...
Ppartial P of gas A = XA(mole fraction of A) · Ptotal P
Removing a given gas from water; partial pressure of water must be obtained
What is scrubbing? Note: total pressure and partial pressure of all component gases must be obtained in order to precisely get rid of the given gas
A tank contains 1.5 moles of gas A, 2.0 moles of gas B, and 2.5 moles of gas C. If the total pressure of the gas mixture is 0.80 atmosphere, what is the partial pressure of gas A?
0.20 atm