Research methods
What is the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable?
IV = a variable you manipulate or control.
DV = a variable you measure or observe.
What does the mean measure?
Central tendancy
What graph is commonly associated with an r value?
What does p < 0.05 commonly indicate?
Statistically significant relationship.
Interval
Identify the independent and dependent variables in a study testing whether music affects memory.
IV = Music
DV = Memory
Calculate the range of: 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 15
11
What graph is commonly associated with error bars?
Bar graph.
What would overlapping error bars indicate?
An insignificant relationship.
Identify level of measurement of %
Ratio
Explain the difference between within group and between group designs.
Within-group design: The same participants take part in all conditions of the experiment.
Between-group design: Different participants take part in each condition of the experiment.
Explain what a large SD tells us about a dataset.
The data is very spread out. A large variation.
A data point that greatly differs from the rest of the data.
What is the difference between a Type I and Type II error.
Type I: false positive. Type II: false negative.
Explain what a true zero means.
A value of zero means there is none of the variable being measured. For example, 0 hours of sleep means no sleep occurred.