What is a normal ABI?
1.0
What is a normal TBI?
Greater than or equal to 0.8
Where should cuffs be placed for ABIs?
Upper arms & ankles
What shape is a normal doppler waveform?
Biphasic or triphasic
PAOD reduces flow energy where in relation to the lesion?
Distal
How is an Ankle-Brachial Index calculated?
By dividing the highest systolic ankle pressure by the higher of the two brachial systolic pressures
Digital waveforms are obtained with ____ or _____ ?
PVR or PPG (Photoplethysmography)
What should the width of a blood pressure cuff be?
20% wider than the diameter of underlying limb.
In segmental limb pressure exams, systolic pressures usually increase as blood flows where?
Distally in the lower extremity.
Which doppler technique is most commonly used to assess PAOD?
Continuous Wave Doppler
Excessively high ABI values typically correspond to..?
Calcified arteries
When determining systolic pressure, cuffs are inflated until...?
When prepping patient, which type of relevant patient history would be important? (Name at least 2)
Smoking history, exercise activity, & family history of cardiac/vascular disorders.
Pressures are typically repeated how often until they return to baseline?
Every 1 to 2 minutes.
Name an AKA for Plethysmography.
Air plethysmography, pulse volume recording (PVR) or volume pulse recording (VPR)
Lower ABI values correspond to..?
Worsening PAOD
TBI is useful when...?
The ankle vessels are incompressible.
Why is it important to let the patient rest for 10 to 15 minutes before taking systolic pressures?
Ensures true resting levels of blood flow.
Systolic pressures are __________ if the arteries are calcified and uncompressible.
invalid
What can be used to determine the site of PAOD?
Segmental limb pressures
What is the overall purpose of an Ankle-Brachial Index?
To diagnose the overall severity of PAOD
A toe pressure of ____ indicates adequate pressure for healing.
50 mmHg
Where should cuffs be placed for multilevel lower extremity pressures?
Upper arm, thigh, calf, & ankles.
A pressure drop of ______ indicates the presence of a proximal obstruction.
> 30 mmHg
Recovery time suggests whether PAOD is single or multilevel. An ABI that returns to preexercise levels within 5 minutes is associated with what?
Single-level disease