Unit 2 Review

Cells Types

100

This cell type has a nucleus and is more complex

Eukaryotic 

200

This cell type CANNOT get cancer

Prokaryotic

300

All cells contain this type of genetic material 

DNA 

400

This is what ribosomes make for our cells. 

Protein

500

This is the reason Prokaryotic Cells cannot get cancer

The are unicellular, and cancer is a disease of multicellular organisms

Cell Cycle

100

This occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle

DNA Replication 

200

This is the protein responsible for checking for mutations. 

p53

300

This is the purpose of the cell cycle

To create new, healthy and identical (same DNA) cells 

400

Mitosis does this during the cell cycle

Divides the nucleus 

500

This is the sequence of protein synthesis. 

DNA --> RNA --> Amino Acids --> Protein

Cancer and Mutations

100

This is the term for cells that grow uncontrollably and ignore cell cycle checkpoints

Cancer

200

This is the term for errors or mistakes in our DNA. They can be good, bad, or neutral. 

Mutations 

300

This is the name of the mutation that results in less p53 proteins. 

Li Fraumeni

400

These are factors that can increase the risk of mutations, such as those that can cause cancer, in DNA (List at least 2) 

Environment (EX: UV, pollution, pesticides), genetics, daily habits (EX: smoking, drinking) 

500

This is how the environment can result in mutations, such as cancer

Too much exposure to harmful factors, such as UV or pollution, can cause damage to DNA. Damaged DNA may not be as good at repairing itself and preventing mutations from replicating into new cells. 

Genetics

100

This is the term for a segment of DNA 

Gene

200

This is the term for different variations of the same gene

Allele

300

A person who is homozygous dominant for freckles would have this GENOTYPE and PHENOTYPE (use A or a for your alleles)

GENOTYPE: AA

PHENOTYPE: freckles 

400

A person is heterozygous for a gene that results in either brown (dominant) or blue (recessive) eyes. This is their GENOTYPE (E or e) and PHENOTYPE. 

GENOTYPE: Ee

PHENOTYPE: Brown

500

A child has two parents with different genotypes for a genetic disease. Parent A has Dd, and Parent B has DD. This is the genotype the child CANNOT get.

dd, homozygous recessive

Cancer Treatment

100

These are the type of cells that cancer treatments target. 

Fast growing cells 

200

These cells can often be impacted as a result of treatments like chemotherapy because they are also fast growing

Hair cells, skin cells, intestinal cells, etc 

300

List at least two types of cancer treatments

Pills, ointments, chemotherapy, radiation, etc

400

These are factors that could limit someone's access to treatment (at least 2)

Income, distance to facility, race, zip code, gender, etc

500

This is one way we could improve access to cancer treatment

• More doctors and researchers of diverse backgrounds

• Diversify clinical trials to understand effects on a variety of people

• Affordable healthcare options 

• Access to better healthcare in rural and low-income communities