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This means anything a person does that can be observed and measured.
Behavior
This is something that happens before a behavior.
Antecedent
This is what happens immediately after a behavior.
Consequence
This increases the future likelihood of a behavior.
Reinforcement
This is something given or taken away to decrease a behavior.
Punishment
This type of reinforcement involves adding something after a behavior to increase it.
Positive Reinforcement
This type of reinforcement involves removing something after a behavior to increase it.
Negative Reinforcement
This is the process of measuring how often a behavior occurs.
Frequency
This measures how long a behavior lasts.
Duration
This measures how long it takes someone to begin a behavior after an instruction or event.
Latency
This is a reinforcer that naturally satisfies a biological need, such as food or water.
Primary Reinforcer
This is something that becomes reinforcing because it has been paired with other reinforcers.
Conditioned Reinforcer
This occurs when reinforcement is no longer provided for a previously reinforced behavior.
Extinction
This is reinforcement given after a set number of responses.
Fixed Ratio
This is reinforcement given after an unpredictable number of responses.
Variable Ratio
This differential reinforcement procedure reinforces a behavior that serves the same function as an unwanted behavior.
DRA — Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior
This procedure reinforces the absence of a target behavior for a specific period of time.
DRO — Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior
This procedure reinforces a behavior when it occurs below a specific rate.
DRL — Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates
This procedure reinforces a behavior when it occurs above a specific rate.
DRH — Differential Reinforcement of High Rates
This procedure reinforces a behavior that is physically incompatible with the problem behavior.
DRI — Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior
This occurs when a learner responds correctly because a particular stimulus signals that reinforcement is available for that response.
Stimulus Control
This involves gradually transferring control from one stimulus or prompt to another.
Stimulus Control Transfer
This teaching method breaks a complex skill into smaller steps and teaches each step in a specific sequence.
Task Analysis
This chaining procedure teaches the first step first, then gradually adds later steps as the learner masters them.
Forward Chaining
This is a procedure in which prompts are systematically removed so the learner can respond independently.
Prompt Fading