Topical Anesthetics
Why are topical anesthetics used in dentistry?
Topical anesthetics are used in dentistry to numb the area where the injection is given.
What is the most frequently selected form of pain control used in dentistry?
Local anesthetics are most often used for pain control.
Who was the first dentist to use N2O/O2 on his patients?
Horace Wells first used N2O/O2.
What type of injection technique will the dentist use to anesthetize teeth #2 through #4?
Field block is used to anesthetize maxillary teeth #2 through #4.
Should a patient with an abscess receive local anesthesia? Why or why not?
No, a patient with an abscess should not receive local anesthesia. Because of the infection, an increased number of lymphocytes are in the area making it difficult for the anesthetic solution to permeate the nerves.
What type of tissue does topical anesthetic numb?
The surface tissue of the mucosa or gingiva.
For local anesthesia to be effective, where does the local anesthetic need to be injected?
Local anesthetics are injected near a nerve.
What color code is used for N2O/O2 tanks?
The N2O cylinder is blue and O2 is green.
How many lengths of needles are used in dentistry, and what are they used for?
Two sizes of needle are used, long (1⅝-inch) for block and short (1-inch) for infiltration.
What causes prolonged numbness from an injection?
Prolonged numbness after the anesthetic solution have worn off can be caused by contaminated anesthetic solution, nerve damage, or hemorrhage around the nerve sheath.
Why is the tissue dried before topical anesthetic is applied?
Dry tissue helps the topical anesthetic remain concentrated and work more effectively
What is added to a local anesthetic to prolong its effect?
A vasoconstrictor is added to prolong an anesthetic’s effect.
What is included in having a safe environment when administering N2O?
A safe environment when administering N2O includes the use of a scavenger system, venting exhaust outside, testing connections, inspecting equipment, properly fitting mask, limited talking, and use of dosimetry badges.
Why is a mandibular nerve block often used instead of simple infiltration?
The mandibular bone is generally thicker and less porous than maxillary bone
Is a patient conscious during intravenous sedation?
Yes, the patient is conscious during intravenous sedation.
What are two common topical anesthetic agents used in dentistry?
Benzocaine and lidocaine.
What is the difference between anesthesia and analgesia?
Anesthesia produces loss of sensation, while analgesia reduces pain without complete loss of sensation.
Which is given first when administering N20?
100% oxygen is given before and after N2O/O2 sedation.
What area is targeted during an inferior alveolar nerve block?
The inferior alveolar nerve before it enters the mandibular foramen.
Is a patient conscious during general anesthesia?
No, the patient is not conscious during general anesthesia.
Besides ointments, what are three other forms in which topical anesthetic may be given?
Liquids, sprays, and patches
Why must the dentist consider a patient’s medical history before administering local anesthetic?
Medical conditions, medications, allergies, and maximum safe dosage can affect the choice and safety of the anesthetic.
Why is the patient given 100% oxygen for 3–5 minutes after nitrous oxide administration?
To help clear residual nitrous oxide and support a safe, smooth recovery.
Why is aspiration important before depositing local anesthetic?
whether the needle tip is in a blood vessel before the anesthetic is deposited.
Why is a vasoconstrictor added to some local anesthetic solutions?
It slows absorption into the bloodstream and can prolong the anesthetic effect.