Computer Basics
What is the name for the physical parts of a computer that you can see and touch?
Hardware
A microphone belongs to which group: input, output, or both?
Input.
What does a sensor measure?
Physical aspects of its environment.
What is the name of the global network connecting computers and other electronic devices?
The internet.
What do we call step-by-step instructions that can be turned into a program for a computer?
An algorithm.
What do we call the applications or programs used on a device?
Software
A speaker belongs to which group: input, output, or both?
Output.
Which sensor can detect how bright the light is and help a device adjust its screen?
Ambient light sensor
What piece of hardware sends information around a network and directs data traffic to the correct address?
Router.
What is artificial intelligence?
Ways computers mimic human thinking and reasoning.
What does CPU stand for?
Central Processing Unit
Sort these three components into the correct groups: Light sensor – Earphones – Camera
What does a magnetometer detect?
Which way is north.
Why does a device need an IP address when it is connected to a network?
An IP address gives the device a unique address so it can be identified when sending and receiving data.
A computer is given labelled examples from two or more categories and learns how to identify the differences. What is this called?
Supervised machine learning.
Which computer component handles graphics-related work such as graphics, effects and videos?
Graphics Processing Unit.
Name two components from our learning that are classified as both input and output.
Your phone screen automatically changes its brightness when you walk outside. Which sensor is being used?
Ambient light sensor.
Which is the fastest and most reliable option for internet access? (wireless technology, copper cable, ethernet cord or fibre optic cables)
Fibre optic cables.
Which term best matches this example:
A computer is shown labelled examples and uses them to learn how to sort new examples into categories.
A. Algorithm
B. Hardware
C. Supervised machine learning
D. Router
C. Supervised machine learning.
Explain the difference between the CPU and GPU
The CPU processes and carries out instructions, while the GPU handles graphics-related processing.
A touchscreen display is classified as both an input and an output. Explain why.
It is an input because you can touch it to send information or commands to the device, and an output because the screen displays information back to you.
A navigation app needs to know which direction the phone is facing and whether the phone is moving. Which two sensors could help, and what does each one detect?
Digital compass/magnetometer for direction and accelerometer for movement.
When you send information to another device over a network, what helps identify where the data needs to go, and what helps direct the data there?
A robot has these instructions:
Move forward → Turn right → Move forward → Stop
What is this set of instructions called, and why?
An algorithm, because it is a set of step-by-step instructions that can be followed by a computer.