Key terms
What is a stimulus?
A stimulus is anything that triggers a physical, behavioral, or economic response
What is the Nervous system?
The nervous system is the body system responsible for sending and processing information through nerves.
What is the difference between infectious and non-infectious diseases.
Infectious: caused by pathogens that can spread from person to person
Non-infectious: are not caused by pathogens that can spread from person to person
What is the endocrine system?
The body system responsible for producing and transporting hormones.
What body system does the pituitary gland part of?
Endocrine system
List 2 examples of both infectious and non-infectious diseases
Infectious:
Influenze, measles, covid19
Non-infectious
Cancer, diabetes
What is the process of homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the biological process by which an organism continuously monitors and self-regulates its internal environment to maintain a stable, balanced state despite changing external conditions
What is the difference between a positive feedback loop and a negative feedback loop?
Feedback loops describe how a system responds to change. A positive feedback loop amplifies or increases a change, driving the system further away from its starting point. A negative feedback loop counteracts or reduces change, bringing the system back to a stable, balanced state
What is herd immunity and what is its importance?
Herd immunity occurs when a large enough portion of a population is immune to a disease, making it difficult to spread. It is important as it helps limit and control the spread of disease.
What is the difference between prevalence and incidence?
Incidence measures the number of new cases of a disease in a population over a specific period, reflecting the risk of contracting it.
Prevalence measures the total number of existing cases (new and old) at a specific point in time, reflecting the overall disease burden
Describe the activity we completed in class to demonstrate homeostasis?
We modelled homeostasis by recording our heart rate before, during and after doing exercise.
List the 4 main infectious disease causing pathogens?
Bacteria, virus, fungi, protozoa
What is the difference between pandemic, endemic and epidemic?
Endemic
The amount of a particular disease that is usually present in a community. It's also called a baseline.
Epidemic
An increase — often sudden — in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in a specific area.
Pandemic
An epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents and affects many people.
What are the three lines of defence of the immune system?
First line: Physical and chemical barriers
Second Line: General response
Third Line: Adaptive, specific targetting
What are the 3 types of vaccines you researched for the assessment task?
Live attenuated,
inactivated
subunit