dna replication
what is DNA replication?
the process by which DNA is copied in a cell before a cell divides by mitosis, meiosis, or binary fission
What is the double helix?
the 2 swirly things that surround it.
who is frederick griffith?
a British medical officer who discovered a type of tranfer of genetic material from one cell to another cell or from one organism to another organism called transformation
what is translation?
the process in which the ribosomes in the cytoplasm or ER synethesize protiens.
what is transcription?
The processs where Dna is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA
what are helicases?
they separate the DNA strands
what is thymine matched to in Dna?In RNA?
Adenine,and again adenine.
who is avery?
a scientist who concluded that DNA is responsible for transformation in bacteria
what is the point of translation?
the genetic codes are carried by RNA.
what is the point of transcription?
Its the first step of gene expression.
what are DNA polymerases?
enzymes that add complementary nucleotides to each of the original strands
What is cytosine matched to in DNa and RNA?
Guanine
who are Hershey and Chase?
they concluded that DNA is the hereditary molecule in viruses
what is an anticodon?
three nucleotides on the RNA that are complementary to the sequence of a codon in mRNA
what is RNA polymerase?
an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of RNA on a DNA template
what is semi-conservative replication?
when each of the new DNA molecules has kept one of the two original DNA strands
what is adenine matched to in RNA?
uracil
who are james watson and franscis crick?
their model explained how DNA could replicate
what is the first step of translation?
two ribosomal subunits, tRNA and mRNA join together
what is the 2nd step in transcription?
RNA polymerase adds free RNA nucleotides that are complementary to the nucleotides on one of the DNA strands
what is mutation?
a change in the nucleotide sequence of a DNA molecule
what is a nucleotide?
a five-carbon sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base
who is rosalind frankin?
an X-ray diffraction photographer
what is the final step of translation?
the components of translation come apart; the last tRNA leaves the ribosome and the ribosome moves away from the mRNA
what is the third step in transription?