People
What did Rosiland Franklin do/ discover?
crystalized DNA
found shape of DNA
Polymerase
fills in gaps with DNA
What are the nitrogenous Bases bond togther
A and T
C and G
what way does DNA replicate from
5' to 3'
what does eukaryotic cells look like?
what does prokaryotic cells look like?
eukaryotic - organized / dna in nucleus
prokaryotic - not as organized/ dna just in cytoplasm
What did Griffith do/discover?
do - used bacteria on mice to see how different types of cells interact
discover- a chemical substance form one cell is genetically capable of transforming other cells
Helicase
un zips DNA at the replication fork
what is the shape of DNA?
double helix
what is the first step on DNA replication
the unzipping of DNA using helicase
why is DNA reproduction semiconservative?
because it conserves half of the original DNA strand
What did Avery do/discover?
do - repeated griffith's experiment
discover - dna is the transforming Factor
builds and makes RNA primers
what are the 3 parts to a nucleotide
5 carbon sugar
phosphate
nitrogenous bases
What does it mean when DNA strands are called anti parrell
They are complementary and are a perfect apir
what is the place where DNA splits for replication called?
The replication fork
what did Martha and Clarke do/discover?
do - Used one virus with radioactive DNA and one virus with a radioactive protein. Then, Infected both phages into bacteria and the DNA was the one to spread the radioactivity
discover - DNA is the transforming factor
Ligase
seals the strands
what are the purines (A,T,G,or C) and what are the pyrimidines?
A + G = purines
T +C = pyrimidines
Which is the leading strand wand which is the lagging strand?
leading - (leading / going quicker) 5' to 3'
lagging - (lagging / taking longe)r would replicate from 3' to 5' but can't
why must all living things replicate DNA?
to make new cells for maintenance, growth, and survival
What did Erwin Chargraff do?
discover which nitrogenous bases are bond
Exonuclease
removes RNA primers
In RNA what does the nitrogenous base T turn to
U
What does the lagging strand use to replicate DNA?
Okazaki Frangments
Summarize the relationship between genes and DNA
Genes are parts of chromosomes that are used to create a specific gene. A gene is also known as a the basic unit of heredity. Chromosomes is just folded up dna. Chromosomes are just the genetic code for a gene.