Codon
DNA vs RNA
Amino Acids
Protein synthesis
Miscellaneous
100
How can you tell which amino acid a codon is going to produce?
Look at the codon chart.
100
Which has a double helix shape?
DNA
100
What is a chain of amino acids called?
A protein
100
Where does transcription take place?
Nucleus
100
What are the three parts of DNA and RNA?
Sugar, nitrogen base, phosphate
200
How many base pairings are there in a codon?
3 - it is 3 nucleotides long
200
Which has urasil instead of thymine?
RNA
200
What carries the amino acid to the ribosome?
tRNA
200
Where does translation take place?
Ribosome
200
The 4 types of nitrogen bases that are found DNA are:
Thymine, cytosine, Adenine, Guanine
300
What type of RNA matches with the codon?
tRNA
300
Which is used for protein synthesis?
RNA
300
How many different types of amino acids are there?
20
300
Where does the coding for protein synthesis come from?
Gene - Which is a piece of the DNA
300
The 4 types of nitrogen bases found in RNA are:
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Urasil
400
Once the nucleotides are matched, codon to anticodon, what is released?
Amino acid
400
What are the 3 types of RNA?
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
400
What is proofreading and when does it take place?
After DNA replication, it is important to make sure there aren't any mistakes
400
What is the advantage of having a hydrogen bond in the middle of the DNA helix?
A hydrogen bond is easily broken bye helicase.
400
What are the base pairing rules for DNA?
A-T
G-C
500
Which enzyme is responsible for building the pairs in either DNA replication or protein synthesis
Polymerase
RNA Polymerase
500
Describe transcription - where it happens and what happens
In the nucleus the helicase unzips the DNA, then RNA polymerase matches the base pairs with Urasil not Thymine, the mRNA then takes that built strand out of the nucleus through the cytoplasm to the ribosome.
500
Describe translation and where it happens.
The mRNA is threaded into the ribosome. Then tRNA brings in amino acids. The anticodon in the tRNA matches the bases using the base coding (A-U and C-G). Once the amino acids are placed in the right order, the ribosome passes over it and creates the protein which is the chain amino acids.
500
When does replication of DNA happen in the cell cycle?
During Interphase.
500
Which enzyme is responsible for unzipping the DNA during replication or protein synthesis?
Helicase