1
The nitrogen base:
what is Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine ?
Interphase- DNA replicates
Mitosis- nucleus divides
Cytokineses- Two identical daughter calls are found
What events occurred in the three stages of the cell cycle?
sugar, phosphate, bases
what is nucleotide?
A=T
G=C
What was Chargoff's rules?
opposite codon
3'-5'
The opposite arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix.
what is anti-parallel ?
Nitrogen bases paired
Did A=T?
Did G=C?
A trait that codes for protein
What is a Gene?
Deoxyribonuclueicacid
what is DNA's name?
genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
Every cell in your body has the same DNA, the cell has the ability to turn off most genes and only work with the genes necessary to do a job
What is the definition of DNA?
each pair has one old and one new strand
what is Semi-conservation replication?
Threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
what are chromosomes?
"DNA replication ensures that each daughter cell will have the genetic information it needs to carry out its activities "
"How does the structure of DNA help account for the way DNA copies itself? "
An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks.
unzipping the DNA helix
what is helicase?
principle enzyme involved in DNA replication
What are DNA polymerase?
creates RNA primer on DNA strand
what is Primase function?
An enzyme that connects two fragments of DNA to make a single fragment.
joining of molecules; uses ATP
The "glue"
what is Ligase?
segments of the lagging strand
Small fragments of DNA produced on the lagging strand during DNA replication, joined later by DNA ligase to form a complete strand.
what are Okazaki fragments?
Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.
what is crossing over?
Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes
One of Mendel's principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes
the random distribution of the pairs of genes on different chromosomes to the gametes
what is independent assortment?
change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
either good or bad
mutation typically occurs during DNA sequence
what is Mutation?
division of the nucleus
Cell division that generates new cells for growth and repair. The division of one cell into two genetically identical daughter cells
Asexual, Body cells , Somatic, PMAT^1, prophase
chromotids
Diploid to Diploid
2 identical daughter cells
what is Mitosis?
*sexual reproduction
*Gametes_ Games
*Diploid to Haploid
*PMAT2
*Homologus pairs (mom&dad)
*crossing over
*4 unique daughter cells
*zip tight
*chromosomes
what is Meiosis?
(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA
DNA and RNA
synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template, or pattern
Carry DNA's message out of nucleus (take place)
working of genes to continue brain development converting perceived experiences into brain matter
Collection of proteins that mediate the binding of RNA polymerase and the initiation of transcription.
A regulatory protein that binds to DNA and affects transcription of specific genes.
what is transcription?
Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
(genetics) the process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm
decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
what is translation?
Transcription_ making mRNA from DNA
Ribosome_process of making proteins
endoplasmic reticulum _ folding of protein molecules & "the transport of synthesized proteins in vesicles to the Golgi" body.
Golgi body_ builds lysosomes,
"gathers simple molecules and combines them to make molecules that are more complex."
where is it located and what is it?