Calibration
ANSI abbreviates what term?
American National Standards Institute
Sensorineural hearing loss caused by aging is described medically as:
Presbycusis
Manipulate the _____ to allow for proper visualization of the TM.
pinna
Name one reason pure tones are used for audiometric testing.
Specificity, estimate degree of handicap, easily used for HA purposes
How much attenuation occurs with bone conduction?
None (0 dB)
During calibration, this object is used to connect the transducer to the measurement device
coupler
Name one cause for a conductive hearing loss
cerumen, otitis media, TM preforation (trauma), otosclerosis
Name two landmarks you should see in otoscopy.
Cone of light, malleus, pars tensa, pars flaccida
Name an advantage and a disadvantage of sound field testing
Disadvantage: lack of ear specific information
Advantage: ecological validity, can measure HA/CI function
Role of outer ear in bone conduction can be most appreciated in (low/mid/high) frequency hearing?
low-mid
RETSPL values are used to convert _____ to _____.
db HL to dB SPL
Noise induced hearing loss typically effects low, middle, or high frequency hearing?
High frequency
Describe what you might see in a patient with microtia.
Underdeveloped external ear (very small) pinna and stenotic canal
Name two advantages of insert earphones.
Attenuation of background noise, lower test/retest variability, better tolerated by kids, elimination of collapsed ear canals
Explain one mechanism for middle ear contribution to bone conduction hearing
loose coupling between ossicles and head
Name two technical considerations included in calibration
linearity, rise/fall time, frequency accuracy, cross talk, signal distortion, "off" level
Describe results of the Rinne test for a patient with a conductive hearing loss in the right ear.
Bone conducted sound (at mastoid) would sound louder than air conducted sound (at EAC) in right ear.
What is an osteoma?
Bony tumor of external auditory canal
Threshold is defined as what?
50% response on 2 ascending runs
Middle ear contribution for bone conduction is most appreciated at _______Hz and above.
1500-2000Hz
Name two things you can do to troubleshoot intermittent headphones.
Check earphone plugs into wall, check tubing for debris, check connectors for cracks
Describe the results of the Weber test in a patient with a conductive hearing loss in the right ear.
Tuning fork applied at forehead would result in sound lateralizing to the right ear.
Name two characteristics identified through otoscopy that would suggest otitis media.
bulging TM, bubbles, displaced/missing cone of light, redness
Why are pulsed tones typically preferred over manually presented tones?
Pulsed tone are distinct from noise and from tinnitus, controlled timing of test tone
Describe the occlusion effect
Artificial lowering of bone conduction in 250-1kHz region (increased low frequency sensitivity) when ear is occluded