Hearing Loss
This is an age related sensorineural hearing loss (usually high frequency loss)
What is Presbycusis
Pars flaccida retraction pocket that exudes keratin debri with or without TM perforation, hearing loss, tinnitus, possible otorrhea
What is a cholesteatoma
What is the treatment of choice for an auricular hematoma?
What is I&D or needle aspiration with ear splinting
This structure helps equalize pressure in the middle ear with atmospheric pressure
What is the Eustachian Tube
80 y/o female with uncontrolled DM presents with severe otalgia and foul otorrhea x 1 wk. On exam you note a foul smelling ear d/c, erythema, edema and granulation tissue in the EAC. What disorder should be concerned about?
What is malignant otitis externa
What part or parts of the ear would be affected in conductive hearing loss?
What is the external or middle ear
Ear pain, pain with palpation of tragus, inflammation of the external auditory canal, possible conductive hearing loss
What is otitis externa
What is the treatment of choice for barotrauma resulting in a hemotympanum w/o inner ear symptoms (vertigo) or TM perforation?
What is observation. Could discuss preventative measures such as yawning/swallowing etc.
The sensory structure for hearing that contains hair cells
What is the Organ of Corti
45 y/o male presents with decreased hearing and ear pressure shortly after scuba diving in Aruba 2 days ago. Pt states on the dive decent he did have some pressure and pain in both ears but felt he was able to equalize his pressures eventually. He denies ear discharge, pain currently, or vertigo. On exam you note a mild conductive hearing loss and a hemorrhagic effusion in the middle ear bilaterally. What does this patient have?
What is hemotympanum d/t barotrauma.
Pt c/o right sided hearing loss. Weber test lateralizes to the left ear. Which type of hearing loss is most likely?
What is sensorineural
Fluctuating conductive hearing loss, ear pressure/fullness, TM dull with impaired mobility, sometimes air bubbles present in middle ear
What is serous otitis media/otitis media with effusion
What is the treatment of choice for BPPV?
What is the Epley maneuver
The structure responsible for detecting rotational movement of the head
What are the semicircular canals
40 y/o female c/o sudden onset of continuous severe vertigo, left sided hearing loss, and tinnitus x 1 day. the vertigo does not see associated with changes in position. She was just put on abx for AOM yesterday. On exam you find a bulging, erythematous left TM. No postauricular erythema, edema or ttp. What did this patient most likely develop?
What is labyrinthitis
This is described as hearing a heartbeat in the ear or a flowing/rushing noise and should have an MRA performed.
What is pulsatile tinnitus
Postauricular pain, erythema, edema, ear proptosis, sometimes fever
What is mastoiditis
What is the treatment of choice for a small acoustic neuroma with mild sensorineural hearing loss and no other symptoms?
What is observation with f/u MRI every 6-12 months
The membranous labyrinth is filled with what fluid?
What is endolymph
50 y/o male presents with gradual onset of unilateral hearing loss, tinnitus, occasional unsteadiness while walking for months. He denies vertigo. On exam you find sensorineural hearing loss and the rest of the exam is unremarkable. What is the most likely diagnosis?
What is a acoustic neuroma
Pt c/o left sided hearing loss. The Rinne test in the left ear shows BC>AC and in the right ear AC>BC. What is the most likely type of hearing loss?
What is conductive hearing loss
Paroxysmal, usually single attack of sudden, severe vertigo with n/v without hearing impairment and not associated with changes in position
What is vestibular neuritis
What is the initial management of Meniere disease (looking for 2 broad answers)?
What is dietary changes to reduce fluid (low salt, no caffeine/ETOH) and vestibular suppressants (diazepam/meclizine)
This muscle is attached to the handle of the malleus and is responsible for pulling the handle medially, tensing the TM in response to loud noise.
What is the tensor tympani
32 y/o female c/o episodic vertigo and ear fullness/pressure along with fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus over the past couple months. What is the most likely diagnosis?
What is Meniere Disease