Map Basics
What do we call a person who makes maps?
Cartographer
Lines running east-west measure what?
Latitude
Which map shows political boundaries?
Political Map
What does a map projection turn a 3-D globe in?
A 2-D Map
What does GIS stand for?
Geographic Information System
What is the ratio between distance on a map and actual distance?
Map Scale
What is 0 degrees latitude?
Equator
Which map shows elevation?
Topographic Map
What projection is centered near a pole?
Polar Projection
Name one of the modern tool surveyors use
GPS
Name the four cardinal directions
N, S, E, W
Lines of longitude are also called what?
Meridians
Lines connecting equal elevations are called what?
Contour lines
Why are all 2-D maps slightly inaccurate?
Projection causes distortion
GIS information organized into what that can be switched on and off?
Layers
What is globe useful for showing?
Earth's surface as it appears from space / it's 3D shape
Geographic coordinates combine what 2 measurements?
Latitude and Longitude
What type of map organizes information around one particular subject?
Thematic Map
Name the 4 basic projections from the chapter
Gnomonic, cylindrical, conic, Robinson
What technology gathers information using aircraft or satellites?
Remote sensing
Why doesn't normal rectangular grid work well for mapping the entire earth?
Earth is spherical/curved
How many minutes are in 1 degree?
60
If several contour lines are extremely close together, what does that indicate?
A steep change in elevation
Why do cartographers choose different projections?
To minimize distortion for the area
Name the 3 GIS data points
Points, Lines, Polygons