Space
Define eccentricity
how oval / circular an orbit is
oldest - far away
youngest - at ridge
Name the major gas that contributes to global warming
carbon dioxide
Why does warm air rise
What is the density range of the solid inner core?
12.8 - 13.1 g/cm^3
What determines the lifespan of a star
What are convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries?
convergent - come together
divergent - move apart
transform - slide back and forth
What is the greenhouse gas effect
sun radiation enters atmosphere, infrared bounces back but can't escape
What is associated with a low pressure system vs a high pressure system
low pressure - weather, clouds
high pressure - nice weather, clear skys
Put these states of matter in order from closely packed particles to loosely packed particles
Gas, solid, liquid
solid, liquid, gas
What is the universe currently doing? How do we know?
expanding - doppler effect, light waves are getting longer which means moving away
What is the difference between erosion and deposition?
erosion moves rock away (deconstructive)
deposition drops rock off (constructive)
What gas was abundant during the great __idation event, where tons of plants and animals started to evolve?
oxygen
What does temporal and spatial refer to?
temporal - time
spatial - space
What type of plate boundary forms between the nazca plate and the pacific plate
divergent
What is nuclear fusion? - Including the elements that are involved and where it takes place
hydrogen and helium combine, release energy
occurs in the core of stars
Give an example of mechanical weathering
things that shatter, grind down, or crack rocks
How do igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks form?
igneous - melting, cooling, and solidification
sedimentary - layers, deposition
metamorphic - compaction and pressure (change from one rock to another)
Why are the ocean currents slowing down? Mention global warming, density, temperature, and salinity (fresh / salt water)
glaciers are melting which causes more fresh water to enter the ocean, which decreases the difference in salinity, which decreases density differences
less density difference means the water is not sinking at the poles and rising at the equator, creating no movement of air temp
What type of electromagnetic wave has a low energy level and a frequency of 10^8 Hz
microwaves
What are kepler's three laws?
1. all orbits are elliptical / eccentric
2. the same amount of area is covered in the same amount of time in an orbit - closer to sun moves faster, further it slows down
3. futher from the sun the longer the orbital period
what is a convection current vs conduction?
conduction - direct energy transfer like touching a hot pan
convection - hot rises, cools sinks
What are 4 ways humans can help mitigate climate change / human impact issues?
reducing fossil fuels, reforestation, restoring coastal shorelines, stoping mining, helping endangered species, reducing transit
What are the four air masses and where do they form?
continental polar - land and cold (poles)
continental tropical - land warm (equator)
maritime polar - ocean cold
maritime tropical - ocean warm
What mineral resource is found between Buffalo and Rochester?
Gypsum