A fracture, or break in earth's lithosphere where rocks move past each other.
What is a fault?
100
Energy from earthquakes travel as this.
What are seismic waves?
100
The fastest wave that will reach any particular location first.
What are primary waves?
100
Earthquakes are most dangerous in this area.
What is where people live?
100
The process by which shaking of the ground causes soil to act like a liquid.
What is liquefaction?
200
The force exerted when an object presses on, pulls on, or pushes against another object.
What is stress?
200
The point underground where earth begins to move.
What is the focus?
200
The second seismic wave to arrive at any location.
What are secondary waves?
200
After an earthquake, fires can start due to these events.
What are broken natural gas lines and broken electrical power lines?
200
A water wave triggered by an earthquake.
What is a tsunami?
300
The shaking of the ground caused by sudden movement of rock.
What is an earthquake?
300
The point on earth's surface directly above where the earth first moved.
What is the epicenter?
300
The most destructive wave.
What are surface waves?
300
A smaller earthquake that follows a large earthquake.
What is an aftershock?
300
A tsunami becomes very dangerous as it moves to shallow water because this increases.
What is its height?
400
Most faults are located along these.
What are tectonic plate boundaries?
400
This instrument records the energy released in ground movement.
What is a seismograph?
400
These waves cannot travel through liquid or gas.
What are secondary waves?
400
The first scale used to measure earthquakes.
What is the Richter scale?
400
These devices can make buildings stronger in the event of an earthquake.
What are cross braces and base isolators?
500
Stress that pushes rock together causes this type of fault.
What is a reverse fault?
500
If two earthquakes of equal strength have the same epicenter, will the shallow focus or deep focus cause more damage?
What is the shallow focus?
500
Secondary wave movement can be described like this.
What is move at right angle to the direction of the waves' travel?
500
The newer, more accurate scale to measure earthquakes is called this.
What is the moment magnitude scale?
500
A magnitude scale is usually 0-10. An increase of one whole number indicates an increase of this much more energy. (Magnitude 5 vs. magnitude 4 earthquake)