Surface along which rocks move when they pass their elastic limit and break
What is Fault
100
Point on Earth’s surface directly above an earthquakes’s focus
What is Epicenter
100
Seismic sea wave that begins over an earthquake focus and can be highly destructive when it crashes on shore
What is Tsunami
100
largest intrusive igneous rock body that forms when magma being forced upward toward earth’s crust cools slowly and solidifies underground
What is Batholith
200
Seismic wave that moves rock particles up-and-down in a backward rolling motion and side-to-side in a swaying motion
What is Surface Wave
200
Break in rock caused by tension forces, where rock above the fault surface moves down relative to the rock below the fault surface
What is Normal Fault
200
Vibrations produced when rocks break along a fault
What is Earthquakes
200
Opening in Earth’s surface that erupts sulfurous gases, ash, and lave; can form at Earth’s plate boundaries, where plates move apart or together, and at hot spots
What is Volcano
200
large,circular-shaped opening formed when the top of a volcano collapses
What is Caldera
300
Seismic wave that moves rock particles back-and-forth in the same direction that the wave travels
What is Primary Wave
300
Break in rock caused by compressive forces, where rock above the fault surface moves upward relative to the rock below the fault surface
What is Reverse Fault
300
Occurs when wet soil acts more like a liquid during an earthquake
What is Liquefaction
300
Solid igneous core of a volcano left behind after the softer cone has been eroded
What is Volcano Neck
300
steep-sided loosely packed volcano formed when tephra falls to the ground
What is Cinder Cone Volcano
400
Seismic wave that moves rock particles at right angles to the direction of the wave
What is Secondary Wave
400
Break in rock caused by shear forces, where rocks move past each other without much vertical movement
What is Strike-Slip Fault
400
Measure of the energy released during an earthquake
What is Magnitude
400
Opening where magma is forced up and flows out onto Earth’s surface as lava, forming a volcano
What is Vent
400
Volcano built by alternation explosive and quiet eruptions that produce layers of tephra and lava; found mostly where Earth’s plates come together and one plate sinks below the other
What is Composite Volcano
500
Order in which the waves travel fastest
What is Primary, Secondary, and Surface Waves
500
Where are most of these fault located
What is along the continental plates
500
Instrument used to register earthquake waves and record the time that each arrived
What is Seismograph
500
Bits of rock or solidified lava dropped from the air during an explosive volcanic eruption; ranges in size from volcanic ash to volcanic bombs and blocks