Photosynthesis &
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
What gas do plants release during photosynthesis?
Oxygen
What is the first trophic level in any food chain?
Producers
What type of interaction occurs when one organism hunts another?
Predation
What is the place where an organism lives called?
Habitat
What does the “H” in H.I.P.P.O.C. stand for?
Habitat Loss
What organelle in plant cells performs photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
What percentage of energy is passed to the next trophic level?
10%
What type of symbiosis benefits both organisms?
Mutualism
What is an organism’s role in the ecosystem called?
Niche
What does the “O" stand for?
Over-consumption
What are the reactants of cellular respiration?
Glucose and Oxygen
Why are there fewer tertiary consumers than primary consumers?
Less energy is available at higher trophic levels.
Identify the symbiosis: Remora fish riding on a shark.
Commensalism
What is carrying capacity?
The maximum population size an environment can support long‑term.
What cause invasive species?
Invasive species are caused when plants or animals are brought into a new environment where they don’t naturally live (not native).
Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration form a cycle.
The products of one process are the reactants of the other (O₂ & glucose ↔ CO₂ & water).
What is the main difference between a food chain and a food web?
A food chain is a single path; a food web shows many interconnected feeding relationships.
Identify the symbiosis: Tick feeding on a dog.
Parasitism
Which process in the water cycle turns water vapor into clouds?
Condensation
How does pollution affect biodiversity?
It harms organisms and degrades habitats, reducing species diversity.
How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration work together to maintain homeostasis in an ecosystem?
They balance CO₂ and O₂ levels and ensure energy flow through producers and consumers.
If a producer level contains 10,000 calories of energy, how much energy would a secondary consumer receive?
100 calories (10% to primary consumer = 1,000; 10% of that = 100)
Explain how competition can limit population size in an ecosystem.
Organisms competing for limited resources (food, water, space) reduces survival and reproduction.
Name one major process from each cycle:
Water cycle
Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Water: Evaporation, condensation, precipitation
Carbon: Photosynthesis, respiration, combustion
Nitrogen: Nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification
How does Climate Change disrupts ecosystem stability?
climate change alters temperature and weather patterns, affecting species survival