Chapter 5
This psychologist developed a social theory of learning.
Who is Lev Vygotsky?
The type of competence to know what to say to whom, when, and in what circumstances.
What is communicative competence ?
The type of language that takes ELs approximately 2-4 years to become proficient.
What is social language/Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)?
Type of EL described as: recent arrivals, adequate schooling in home country, at grade level in reading/writing.
What is "newly arrived learners with adequate form schooling"?
A method that relies on stating commands and ELs demonstrating they understand through physical movement.
What is TPR/Total Physical Response?
Krashen's hypothesis that certain aspects of language are acquired earlier than others.
What is the Natural Order Hypothesis?
Translanguaging/code-switching is governed by precise language rules and does not mean being careless when becoming bilingual.
What is true?
The quadrant intersection of this activity: talking on the playground at recess.
What is cognitively undemanding and context embedded?
Vygotsky identifies this role of the teacher to include providing assistance to help students solve problems by asking questions, probing, etc.
What is scaffolding?
You must wait until the student understands English before teaching him/her the academic content: True or False.
What is false?
Krashen's hypothesis which involves language being comprehensible when input is slightly above the EL's current level of use.
What is the Input Hypothesis?
Krashen's theory that compares and contrasts language development for authentic purposes and for learning the structure of language.
What is the Acquisition/Learning Hypothesis?
An example of this quadrant intersection involves taking the Praxis exam.
What is cognitively demanding and context reduced?
This 2015 mandate replaced NCLB and reclassified how ELs are assessed and placed into English proficiency groups.
What is ESSA/Every Student Succeeds Act?
This law provided equal protection for all races, students with handicaps, and culturally/linguistically diverse students.
What is Brown v. Board of Educaiton of Topeka Kansas (1954)?
This is where learning takes place and can be described as activities that are challenging yet attainable with the aid of a teacher.
What is the Zone of Proximal Development?
The ordering of words to convey meaning.
What is syntax ?
An example of this quadrant intersection involves a teacher explaining the order of operations but does not provide modeling of the math skill, no visuals, or hands-on activity.
What is cognitively demanding and context reduced?
The 1982 Supreme Court ruling that stated students cannot be denied a free and public education because of their immigration status.
What is Plyer v. Doe?
The collection of background knowledge a person has that includes personal experiences, prior knowledge, etc.
What is schema?
The structure of a word ex. go, went
What is morphology?
This is the sound system of a language including distinct sounds of letters, intonation, and stress in a word.
What is phonology ?
The acronym that identifies English learners with limited or interrupted formal education.
What is SIFE/SLIFE?
This document is completed by the parent to determine eligibility of language services
The correct way to handle beginner EL's grammar errors is: (1)by having them look up the grammar rules; or (2) model the correct grammar use.
What is (2)?