Intro. to Atoms
In modern terms, an ________ is the smallest particle of an element.
atom
Elements on the periodic table are in order of increasing _____________.
atomic mass
The ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object.
conductivity
The elements in group 3 through 12 are called _____________.
Give me 3 elements that fall into these groups.
Transition metals
ex. iron, copper, nickel, silver, and gold.....etc.
Most nonmetals are poor conductors on what 2 things?
electricity and heat.
What is alpha decay?
What can or can't it penetrate through?
A radioactive nucleus splits: 2 protons and 2 neutrons are lost, and there is an alpha particle.
It cannot penetrate through paper.
A tiny region in the center of an atom.
nucleus
Rows on the periodic table are called __________.
Columns on the periodic table are called __________.
period
group/family
The ease and speed with which an element combines with other elements and compounds is called __________.
reactivity
What are the names given to the 2 rows that are typically place below the periodic table?
lanthanides and actinides
What is the family name given to group 14?
They can gain, lose, or share 4 electrons.
Carbon family
What is beta decay?
What can or can't it penetrate through?
A radioactive nucleus loses 1 proton and 1 neutron, and a beta particle is formed.
Can penetrate through paper, but not aluminum
Positively charged particles.
Negatively charged particles.
No charged particles.
protons
electrons
neutrons
What is a chemical symbol?
The letter or letters assigned to that specific element.
The metals in group 1 are called ______________.
These react with other elements by losing one electron.
alkali metals
What metal has an atomic number of 26?
Iron (Fe)
What is the family name given to group 16?
They can gain or share 2 electrons.
Oxygen family
What is gamma radiation?
What can or can't it penetrate?
It consists of high-energy waves. There is no gain or loss of particles.
It can penetrate through paper and aluminum, but not concrete.
The unique number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is an element's _________.
atomic number
The process in which two atomic nuclei combine, forming a larger nucleus and releasing huge amounts of energy.
Nuclear fusion
What does "malleable" mean?
The material can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets and other shapes.
What alkali metal has an atomic number of 19?
Potassium (K)
What is the family name given to group 15?
They can gain or share 3 electrons.
Nitrogen family
What was the color of Mickey Mouse’s shorts?
Red
Daily double!!!
Atoms with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons are called ________.
isotopes
The properties of an element can be predicted from its ________ in the periodic table.
location
What are the 4 properties of metals?
shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity
What alkaline metal has an atomic number of 12?
Magnesium (Mg)
What is the family name given to group 17?
They can gain or share 1 electron.
Halogen family
Which continent is the largest in area?
Asia
The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called ________.
mass number
Each square on the periodic table includes 4 things. What are they?
Atomic number, chemical symbol, element name, and atomic mass.
The metals in group 2 are called ________________.
They react with other elements by losing 2 electrons.
alkaline metals
Elements that have atomic numbers higher than 92 are referred to as what?
synthetic elements
The elements in group 18 are called what?
They usually do not form compounds and do not gain, lose, or share electrons.
Noble gases
What do an island and the letter “t” have in common?
They are both in the middle of water.