Breathing
What type of patient will need assisted breathing
Patient who is breathing shallow which is not allowing adequate ventilations at normal volume.
A patient with chest pain has shared they feel that they are having an episode of angina. What would you ask or they would help confirm the possibility.
The pain is relieved by rest. These patients will often be given nitro to treat but rest is a true sign of angina.
Why do we perform a good primary....
To identify life threats. (many things may seem scary but not everything is a life threat) A patient may be loud if hurt, but not always life threatening.
Where do you put your hands if you are holding the head of a trauma patient manually to stabilize the c-spine
on the cranium and facial bones. Note: how might you know if there is a problem with the spinal cord? Numbness and tingling in extremities
A newborn is limp and unresponsive, what do you try first
Dry, rub stimulation with preferably a clean towel.
When assessing an unconscious patient injured in a fall you find that there is blood and vomit in their airway..what do you do?
Logroll them on their side and clear the airway. Inadequate airway is a life threat
When performing CPR what could lead to a failed rescue with a sudden cardiac arrest patient.
Good compressions are often the key to success for sudden cardiac arrest patients, so not doing good compressions will have the opposite affect
A patient with extreme difficulty breathing, is verbal only, breathing is shallow and is coughing up mucous - What is our major concern and how do we treat?
They need assisted breathing with a BVM. You do need to watch if the cough (sputum) could affect the airway, but using an assisted breathing device to get air in the lungs is still number one priority
What fracture technique do we used for a broken clavicle
Sling and swathe
What is the most effective method of preventing the spread of a communicable disease.
Washing your hands (bet you haven't heard that in the last 2 years...huh
You have a patient that has a low oxygen level but is able to breathe on their own...what device do you use?
Non-rebreather for non assisted high flow oxygen
You see someone who is showing signs of choking. What would the sign be and how should you handle supporting the patient
Universal sign of choking for an adult/child is hands to the throat. Confirm that the patient is choking before beginning treatment. Simply ask....are you choking?
When can you stop doing CPR
R - relieved (advanced care) R-revived Patient regains breathing / pulse E - exhaused D - dead patient is declared dead by an appropriate party.
What is your major concern if your patient becomes unconscious from a head injury
Won't be able to control his airway if brain is affected.
What is the first A in APGAR
Appearance
What is a sign that a patient has trouble breathing for some time
Cyanosis. Often can be seen by blue lips and fingertips.
Although an EMR is not allowed to assist someone with their nitro, it is important to know what vital sign is one of the key components that has to be considered if a patient has the right indications
Blood pressure-BP too low could be fatal in some patients
What medical condition is caused by bad distribution of blood when the blood vessels become larger than normal
Anaphylaxis
A conscious choking infant needs what technique if they are choking. What if they are unconsicous?
5 back blows - 5 chest thrusts for a response infant
CPR for an unconscious infant. 5 and 5 won't work if they are unconscious
How does the court system view an EMS run report
Binding documentation of the actual events during a call
Name a normal rate and volume for an adult patient
12 to 20 Breaths per minute with a volume of 500 ml
What does the word titrate mean
continuously measure and adjust the balance of (a physiological function or drug dosage).
"each patient received intravenous fluids and oxygen, the doses being titrated according to the response"
A patient has been intubated, how often do you stop to give ventilations
You breathe every 6 seconds with continuous compressions. The tube is in the lungs so there is not need to stop for the lungs to get outside air
What is the next step after a primary for an unconscious medical patient.
Do a rapid secondary exam (you don't know what happened so a fast exam is best care)
If asking a patient if you can give them care...what kind of consent is that considered
Expressed consent