Diabetes & AMS
Allergic
ID & Sepsis
Poison & OD
ABD EMER
Behavioral
Hemo/Renal
100
The RAS needs:
O2, Water, & Glucose
100
A severe life-threatening allergic reaction in which blood vessels dilate, causing a drop in blood pressure, and the tissues lining the resp system swell
Anaphylaxis
100
Who is most susceptible/high risk for pneumonia?
Very young and elderly patients
100
Any substance that can harm the body by altering cell structure or functions
Poison
100
Position that helps maintain airway for pt that is vomiting
Left lateral recumbent
100
The manner in which a person acts
behavior
100
Four components of the blood:
- RBCs
- WBCs
- Platelets
- Plasma
200
A hormone produced by the pancreas, or taken as a medication by many diabetic pts
Insulin
200
What is the effect of epi on the blood vessels
vasoconstriction
200
Diseases that can be passed from on individual to another
Communicable
200
A poisonous substance secreted by bacteria, plants, or animals:
Toxin
200
What does AAA stand for?
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
200
When a pts behavior is unacceptable or intolerable to the pt, family, community, or can cause harm
Behavioral emergency
200
What 3 BIG things are the kidneys responsible for?
- Excrete urine
- Maintain blood volume
- Balance electrolytes
300
Two things we do NOT do when a pt is having a convulsive seizure
Hold pt down or put anything in airway
300
What 3 signs tell me my pt is in shock?
AMS, Hypotension, & cool/clammy/pale skin
300
What is the difference between bacteria and viruses?
bacteria can grow outside the body, viruses need a host
300
Four types of poisons:
Ingested, Inhaled, Absorbed, & Injected
300
What is most concerning for pts w/ appendicitis?
Rupture of the appendix
300
Chemicals within the body that transmit a message in the brain from the distal end of one neuron to the proximal end of the nest neuron.
Neurotransmitters
300
Clumping of platelets to form clots is called:
Aggregation
400
The skin CCT's for a pt w/ hypoglycemia vs hyperglycemia would be:
Pale, cool, clammy = hypo
Red, warm, dry = hyper
400
What are the 2 cardiac effects of anaphylaxis?
Tachycardia & decreased blood pressure
400
What is the most important thing you can do for a stable septic patient?
Notify the ED ("Sepsis alert")
400
Acidose is used to treat what?
Poison PO (by mouth)
400
What does TERDS-P stand for?
Tenderness, eviscerations, rigidity, distention, surgical scars/swelling, & pulsating masses
400
We must always seek consent from behavioral emergency pts in order to transport unless they have AMS and cannot consent or they are ________.
Suicidal
400
An abnormally low number of RBCs due to sickle cell disease
SCA (Sickle Cell Anemia)
500
A prolonged seizure or situation when a person suffers two or more convulsive seizures w/o regaining full consciousness.
Status Epilepticus
500
Peds vs adult Epi dose...
0.15 & .3 mg
500
Antiviral Meds for the flu must be given w/in ____ of symptom onset to be effective.
48 hours
500
TRUE/FALSE & why: Activated charcoal is an antidote.
False. An antidote is a substance that will neutralize a poison or it's effects.
500
An inflammation of the gallbladder, often caused by gallstones that block the normal flow of bile out of the gallbladder.
Cholecystitis
500
What 3 things are typical for a person to feel during a stress reaction?
- Fear
- Grief
- Anger
500
Name at least 3 types of meds/prescriptions that can prevent clotting or be considered "blood thinners":
- Warfarin
- Eliquis
- Xarelto
- Lovenox
- Pradaxa
- Plavix
- Aspirin
600
A condition that occurs as the result of hyperglycemia. Characterized by dehydration, altered mental status, and shock.
DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis)
600
Which symptom is a sign of sever allergic reaction?
A: itchy eyes
B: Headache
C: Stridor
D: Runny nose
C: Stridor
600
What is the incubation period for chicken pox?
10-21 days
600
Your pt has been complaining of dizziness, nausea, and a headache that feels like a "band around their head." What do you suspect?
Carbon monoxide poisoning
600
Pain that is felt in a location other than where the pain originates
Referred Pain
600
Inadequate breathing or resp arrest caused by a body position that restricts breathing
Positional Asphyxia
600
Despite needing multiple treatments (exchanges) per day in most cases, pts prefer peritoneal dialysis over hemodialysis because ___________________?
They can do it at home
700
The phase of a tonic-clonic seizure where the pt goes from full loss of consciousness to full mental status.
Postictal
700
What is the primary chemical released during an allergic reaction that causes symptoms?
Histamine
700
What does the qSOFA score predict?
Whether a septic pt will have a longer ICU stay/recovery or is more likely to die
700
Vaporizing compounds, such as cleaning fluid, that are breathed in by the abuser to produce a "high."
Volatile Chemicals
700
Pain that is poorly localized and arises from the abdominal organs
Viceral pain
700
Name 3 potential physical causes of AMS:
- Low BGL
- Lack of O2
- Stroke/low blood flow to brain
- Head trauma
- Seizures
- Substances
- Environmental temp
700
loss of the normal ability to form a blood clot w/ internal or external bleeding
Coagulopathy
800
Pt can speak clearly, but cannot understand what you are saying, so they will clearly say things that do not make sense. What is this known as?
Receptive aphasia
800
The only epinephrine allowed to be carried/given by EMTs is 1mL of the appropriate concentration... Which is _ mg of epi in _ mL
800
What are the parameters for each for SIRS criteria?
TEMP:
HR:
RR:
SBP:
Mental Status:
TEMP: <96.8 or >101
HR: >90
RR: >20
SBP: <90
Mental Status: Altered or worsened
800
What type of drug is the pt using: No concept of real time, not aware of the true environment, does not make sense when trying to communicate, "seeing" or "hearing" things & may become aggressive or be very timid
Hallucinogens
800
Your pt has a history of chronic alcohol abuse and is complaining of epigastric pain that radiates to their back/shoulder. What do you suspect?
Pancreatitis
800
A chronic mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. Pt may seem like they have lost touch with reality.
Schizophrenia
800
If a pt w/ ESRD has evaluated levels of potassium, this can cause ________.
dysrhythmias