Training and Trains
how does driving simulator training work
Difficulty is adjusted to reflect different situations, e.g.,:
o speed limits (e.g., 40 vs 80 km/h).
o road networks (e.g., straight roads, curved roads, intersections).
o obstructing dynamic & static objects (pedestrians, other motorists, buildings, trees, traffic
lights, road signs, billboards, etc.).
o hazardous events (immobile vehicles in lane & reckless maneuverings and sudden
halts by other drivers).
o Trained participants often report fewer accidents (e.g., collisions, pedestrian hits) and
fewer traffic violations than untrained older drivers, indicating superior attention and
processing speed
is cognitive decline a sign of disease?
no its actually expected in old age regardlss of disease
what is the primary goal of clinicians and older adults?
Sustaining cognitive vitality
What was the ACTIVE Trial stand for
Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent
and Vital Elderly
ACTIVE is the largest cognitive training RCT to
date.
▪ It involved 2,802 independent living older
adults across 6 sites (mean age: approx. 74
yrs).
▪ All participants had good cognitive status.
▪ The cognitive training/interventions targeted
improvements in memory, reasoning, &
processing spee
In 1999, the world was gripped by panic over a potential computer bug caused by the transition from 1999 to 2000. What was this global panic called?
Y2K
what does reasoning training help improve
Evidence suggests reasoning training
improves capacity for instrumental
activities of daily living (IADL).
what is the primary goal of clinicians and older adults?
Sustaining cognitive vitality
how does processing speed improve brain acitivity
Processing speed training focuses on improving abilities for multi-tasking (or divided attention), which are required for activities such as driving
What is Laur's favourite position in active bed-time?
All of them!!! (did I get it right lol)
Tom cruise, John Travolta & Kevin Spacey are all?
GAY
what does reasoning training focus on
problem-solving skills by triggering the
mind to focus and think critically and
logically
why is it important to sustain cognitive vitality
o ensures independence of older adults.
o improves quality of life.
o saves cost to healthcare system
how does driving simulator training work
Difficulty is adjusted to reflect different situations, e.g.,:
o speed limits (e.g., 40 vs 80 km/h).
o road networks (e.g., straight roads, curved roads, intersections).
o obstructing dynamic & static objects (pedestrians, other motorists, buildings, trees, traffic
lights, road signs, billboards, etc.).
o hazardous events (immobile vehicles in lane & reckless maneuverings and sudden
halts by other drivers).
o Trained participants often report fewer accidents (e.g., collisions, pedestrian hits) and
fewer traffic violations than untrained older drivers, indicating superior attention and
processing speed
how was the active trial set up
The trial consisted of 3 intervention groups (one each for memory, reasoning, & processing speed) and one control group
o Memory training involved teaching to organize & visualize words/texts.
o Reasoning training involved teaching to find patterns in series of words & letters.
o Processing speed training involved visual search for objects and divided attention on
computer screen
Assessments were conducted at baseline and at 5 years follow-up.
In October 2001, Apple Inc. revolutionized the music industry by introducing which portable device?
Ipod
what are 3 examples of mnemonic training
o organizing words into categories - for purposes of recalling words (e.g., university, college = higher education).
o weaving words into coherent stories (story-telling strategy) - for recalling words and their meaning (e.g., students, classes, winter).
o creating visual images of events, places, and names (e.g., face-name mnemonic, method of
loci).
why are older adults more likely to crash driving
reduced attention and processing speed (older drivers are over 3 times more likely to cause a fatal crash than younger drive)
what are additional benefits of art
Additionally, participation in art may:
o foster social connections; and
o improve emotional wellbeing
what were the active study limitations
▪ Gains in gray matter decrease when training (e.g., meditation) ceases, leading researchers to conclude that training only delays cognitive decline but does not reverse or prevent it.
▪ Research has reported gains only in domains for which training was received.
o There is limited evidence of transfer to other cognitive domains (e.g., memory training
tends to produce improvements in only memory but not reasoning and processing speed).
▪ Brain training could be effortful, boring, and dreadful tasks, and gains might be
offset by dreadful thoughts of performing tasks.
▪ Despite these limitation, some cognitive training programs have been
commercialized, with businesses insisting on the cognitive benefits of these
programs
What social networking site was founded by Mark Zuckerberg at Harvard University in 2004?
Question for you: If you could take a train ride anywhere in the world, which train experience would you want to have?
SOUNDS FUN IM IN!!
Which US president did Garret See with his own eyes meet Vladimir Putin?!
George Bush
how do arts and crafts stimulate the brain. what are A & C examples
require creative thinking, attention, and concentration. Painting, drawing, and knitting are known to increase brain activity and cognitive reserves in older adults -- and Higher cognitive reserves are known to increase intellectual functioning and delay the onset of dementia
what were the active study findings
▪ At year 5, all groups (both intervention and control groups) reported cognitive
decline.
▪ However, the decline was more dramatic (accelerated) in the control group.
▪ At year 5, the intervention groups (i.e. trained participants) reported higher
scores in all 3 cognitive domains (memory, reasoning, & processing speed) than the control group.
▪ All 3 intervention groups reported less difficulty performing instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) than the control (untrained) group
Which iconic sitcom, following the lives of six friends in New York City, aired its final episode in May 2004?
Friends :)