Cells & Tissue
Give an example of a negative-feedback system
Sweat to lower body temp
What are the 2 layers of the skin called?
Epidermis, Dermis
Name the 3 types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal; cardiac; smooth
The Central Nervous System (CNS) houses our -
brain and spinal cord
What are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Sympathetic; parasympathetic
Cell mediated immunity involves which cells?
T- cells
What is the 2 main functions of the urinary system?
To filter blood and remove wastes
What does the mitochondria produce and store within the cell?
Produces and Stores ATP for energy
If you have red hair, what type of melanin is present from the melanocytes?
Pheomelanin
What are the 2 muscle proteins in a sarcomere?
Actin and Myosin
What are the 2 types of nerves that make up the PNS?
Spinal nerves and Cranial Nerves
Explain the difference between the afferent and efferent neurons?
afferent - from receptors to the CNS; efferent - CNS to receptors
Antibodies are produced by -
Plasma Cells
What is the main function of the small intestine?
Absorption of nutrients
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
What is an enzyme?
A protein which speeds up a chemical reaction
What is the name of the substance that makes burned hair smell like sulfur?
Hard Keratin
Pain receptors are known as:
Nociceptors
Primary function of the lymphatic system =
Return excess fluid to the bloodstream
What does the pancreas release to neurtralize stomach acid?
Bicarbonate
Which cell type does not have a nucleus?
Red blood Cells
What is the most common lever in our muscular system?
3rd class lever
Within the brain, the master control center is referred to as what part?
Hypothalamus
How do steroid hormones differ from non-steroid hormones?
Steroid hormones can pass directly through cell membranes.
The vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart are -
Pulmonary veins
What controls and regulates our breathing?
Medulla (part of brainstem)
Meiosis results in ___________cell; and Mitosis results in ___________cell?
haploid; diploid
What is essential for the body to absorb calcium from the intestines?
Vitamin D
What is the name of the connective tissue covering muscles?
Fascia
Where is CSF produced?
Choroid Plexus
RBC, WBC, and Platelets are responsible for 3 functions -
Oxygen transport; immunity; blood clotting
What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?
Prevents alveoli collapse
How are identical twins formed?
Mitosis of fertilized cell
What does Facilitated Diffusion require?
A channel protein or a carrier protein
Define homeostasis?
A stable state of equilibrium between the different but interdependent elements of an organism.
What is a muscular issue that is caused by birth trauma and lack of oxygen?
Cerebral Palsy
When an action potential occurs, what part of the cell is interupted with the electrochemical phenomenon?
Cell membrane
Describe the difference between a hormone and a nerve?
Hormone is a chemical message sent through blood; Nerve is an electrical impulse not sent through blood
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide moves in and out of the blood by what process-
Diffusion
Between what weeks gestation does the organs of an embryo form?
2 - 8 weeks (usually before woman knows she is pregnant)