Plants
Biological active plant pigment
Pfr
what is the response of maggot moving away from light?
negative phototaxes
A type of natural selection where individuals with average or moderate phenotypes are more fit than those with extreme phenotypes, leading to a narrowing of the phenotypic variation in a population.
Stabilising Selection
When reproductive structures between related species are incompatible.
Structural RIM
The habitat and ecological role of an organism.
niche
What is the response of a root growing towards a copper pipe
Positive chemotropism
Name 2 navigation techniques used by a whale
Currents, visual landmarks of the bottom of the ocean, sound
Phenotypes that allow an organism to better survive in its environment.
Adaptations
Type of speciation associated with polyploidy
instant speciation or sympatric
The process of a single ancestral species evolving into a diverse array of descendant species
Adaptive radiation
What is the response of a venus fly trap closing on a fly
thigmonasty
what is the response of a salmon swimming upstream?
Positive rheotaxis (towards the current)
Environmental factors that affect the fitness and survival of individuals within a population and changing allele frequencies
Selection pressure
An organism that contains two or more sets of chromosomes from two or more different species.
Allopolyploidy
Traits in different and unrelated species that have similar functions but have evolved independently due to similar selection pressures.
Explain the mechanism of a venus fly trap closing on a fly
Touch stimulates ions to enter cell, water then enters and cell becomes turgid, shutting the trap.
This is a change in osmostic pressure, reversible
List 3 co-operative group behaviours
group living
hunting
defense
mating
territoriality
Species found naturally occurring in only a particular location. For example, kiwi in New Zealand.
Endemic
Occurs when individuals migrate between different populations and cause changes in the genetic composition of the resulting populations.
Gene flow
The evolution of new species by gradual accumulation of small genetic changes over long periods of time.
Gradualism
Why do long day plants flower in summer?
Short night
Less Pfr converted to Pr
Large amount of Pfr promotes flowering in LDP
List one internal and one external cue for how animals know when to migrate
Internal - fat deposits, sexual maturity/hormones
External - change in photoperiod, temperature, food source depletion
No two species can occupy the same ecological niche. One will either die or change niches.
Gause's principle
Species with members still living.
Extant
Gradual change in the genetic code of populations over a long period. May result in the formation of new species.
evolution