These hormones are secreted in the posterior pituitary
What is oxytocin and ADH
100
An 80 year old female is most at risk of developing this after she is given thyroid replacement for an elevated TSH on routine screening with her annual exam.
What is atrial fibrillation
100
A buffalo hump is seen in this disorder.
What is Cushing's syndrome or hypercortisolism
100
According to the American Diabetes Association, this is how many grams of simple carbohydrate a patient should be administered for a hypoglycemic event.
What is 15 grams
100
This is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in the ambulatory patient.
What is parathyroid adenoma
200
A 32-year-old male would be diagnosed with this disorder if he presents with complaints of headaches, increasing shoe size, can no longer wear his wedding ring, thinks his face looks like it is changing, and has bitemporal hemianopsia on exam.
What is Growth Hormone Macroadenoma of the Pituitary or Acromegaly from a macroadenoma
200
Medullary carcinoma is followed for recurrence by testing this.
What is calcitonin levels
200
Your patient has a tumor here when he is noted to have an elevated cortisol, an elevated ACTH, and high dose dexamethasone suppression shows suppression of cortisol.
What is the pituitary
200
These are three long-term complications that cause the majority of sequelae from diabetes
What is retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy
200
This would be the underlying etiology in an elderly patient who presents to the ER with a kidney stone brought in by his wife who states he has been acting strangely.
What is primary hyperparathyroidism
300
An elevation of this hormone leads to hyperpigmentation in Addison's disease.
What is ACTH
300
A patient develops Graves' disease at 25 weeks gestation would be treated with this medication
What is methimazole (treatment of choice after first trimester) PTU is the treatment of choice in the first trimester
300
A patient with paroxysmal HTN, tachycardia, and diaphoresis will have a tumor in this location, be specific.
What is the adrenal medulla
300
A 26-year-old female with Type I diabetes complains of a 3-4 month history of discrete yellowish atrophic plaques with telangiectasia on the pretibial areas of her legs. The lesions have increased in size are starting to ulcerate. You tell her the lesions are called this
What is necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum
300
Your patient is status post thyroidectomy from papillary thyroid cancer by two years and has been experiencing episodes of tetany. You conclude your patient has this and you would test for this lab (two part answer)
What is hypoparathyroidism, calcium level
400
A 42-year-old female is experiencing headache, nipple discharge and irregular periods. She thinks her vision is off a bit. You suspect a tumor secreting this.
What is prolactin
400
A 36-year-old female would be diagnosed with this if she presents with weight loss, nervousness, hair loss, proptosis, and TSH is low.
What is Grave's disease or hyperthyroidism
400
A 42 year old female would be diagnosed with this is she presents with weakness, fatigue, weight loss, orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, and a positive ppd test.
What is Addison's disease or hypocortisolism
400
A 7-year-old child with a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus for 3 years presents for routine follow-up. The mother states that the child has been having nightmares and night sweats. Additionally, his average morning glucose readings have elevated. This is the most likely cause of the symptoms and would be confirmed by doing this (two part answer)
What is Somogyi effect, middle of the night SBGM
400
Your patient should be tested for this when found to have elevated catecholamines, elevated calcitonin, and elevated calcium.
What is MEN 2A
500
This is a good treatment option for a 68-year-old male patient with acromegaly due to a pituitary adenoma who is not a surgical candidate.
What is Octreotide or a Somatostatin analogue
500
A 60 year old male presents with a palpable thyroid nodule, found to be cold on scan, solid on US. Labs reveal normal TSH and T4. This is the most likely histologic make up of the tumor.
What is Papillary tumor
500
A patient would be diagnosed with this is she presents with hypertension, headaches, hypokalemia, and a low renin level. She is on no prescription or over the counter medications.
What is primary hyperaldosteronism
500
This medication is least likely to cause hypoglycemia in a diabetic patient.
What is metformin
500
46 y/o patient with PMH of prolactinoma, parathyroid adenoma, and new onset diaphoresis and confusion. In the ED labs are found to be FBG of 35 mg/dL (nl: 70-105 mg/dL) and responds rapidly to IV dextrose. The patient should be tested for this disorder, be specific.