Endocrine System
What are endocrine glands?
These structures secrete hormones.
What is a hormone?
A chemical messenger in the body secreted by endocrine glands directly into the bloodstream.
What is a target cells?
This is the cells upon which a hormone acts.
What is the pituitary gland?
This master gland is about the size of a grape located at the base of the brain.
What is the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?
This hormone stimulates the thyroid gland.
What is the location pancreas?
This is both an endocrine and exocrine gland, located behind the stomach.
What is the hypothalamus?
This brain structure links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.
What is the major difference between an endocrine and an exocrine gland?
Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream whereas exocrine glands secrete their hormones into ducts.
What is the hormone released by thyroid gland?
Thyroxine (T4)
What is thyroxine?
This hormone controls rate of metabolism.
Where is the location of thyroid gland ?
This butterfly shaped gland is located on the anterior side of the larynx, over the trachea.
What is growth hormone (GH)?
This hormone is responsible for growth and development.
what is (PRL) hormone ?
Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone released by the anterior pituitary gland.
What are the parathyroid glands?
These four glands are the size of a grain of rice attached to the posterior side of the thyroid.
What is oxytocin?
This hormone produces uterine contractions.
What is insulin hormones?
The hormone insulin help store and deliver this substance to the liver.
What is the thymus?
This serves both the endocrine and lymphatic systems, located under the sternum, and is large during childhood.
What is prolactin?
This hormone develops and stimulates production of milk after childbirth.
What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
This hormone acts on the kidney to concentrate urine and preserve water in the body.
What is affects your emotions and mood?
By controlling the amount of hormones released through the bloodstream to cells, the Endocrine System does this.
Which type of feedback is used to illustrate the inhibition of a hormone from a target gland?
a negative feedback
What is the role the Endocrine System plays in homeostasis?
The hormones being released create control, causing either a decrease or increase of hormones that are regulated throughout the bloodstream.
name 4 examples of how the Nervous System and Endocrine system play roles in human behavior.
growth, reproduction, metabolism, and emotions
Name the anterior hormones of the pituitary gland?
TSH (thyroid), ACTH (adrenal cortex), LH (ovaries and testes), FSH (ovaries and testes), Prolactin (breast tissue), GH (skeletal muscle and bone)
What hormone does the pineal gland make, what does it do?
Secretes melatonin and helps to establish the body's sleep/wake cycle and biological rhythms.