Energy
What is energy?
The ability to do work.
What is kinetic energy?
Energy of motion
What is a force?
A push, pull, or twist
What happens to an object under balanced forces?
It stays still or moves at constant speed
What energy transformation occurs when you ride a bike?
Chemical → kinetic
What is the SI unit of energy?
Joule (J)
What is potential energy?
Stored energy
What unit is force measured in?
Newton (N)
What do vector arrows show in force diagrams?
Size (strength) and direction of forces
What energy transformation happens in a toaster?
Electrical → heat (and some light/sound).
State the Law of Conservation of Energy.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
Name the energy from electric currents.
Electrical energy
Name and define gravity.
Force that pulls objects towards Earth
Give an example of unbalanced forces.
Kicking a ball; pushing a box; etc.
What energy types are involved in a phone playing music?
Electrical → sound (and some heat/light).
Name a household object where energy is transferred from electrical to heat energy.
Toaster, kettle, hairdryer, etc.
What kind of energy comes from vibrations?
Sound energy
What is buoyancy?
Force causing objects to float
Draw or describe the force diagram for a book resting on a table.
Equal upward and downward arrows (balanced)
What is the original source of energy in solar panels?
Sunlight (electromagnetic/light energy).
Give an example of energy transfer in a battery-powered torch.
Chemical → electrical → light (& heat)
Name a visible type of electromagnetic energy.
Light energy
Difference between contact and non-contact forces?
Contact: needs touching; Non-contact: acts at a distance (field)
How do maths and diagrams show the result of unbalanced forces?
By showing the net force (difference between arrows)
Explain the energy transformation when a battery powers a torch.
Chemical → electrical → light (+ heat).