Segmentals
An individual, isolated consonant or vowel sound in a language is called a ______.
Phoneme OR Segmental
______ refer to the big picture of a full sentence—including stress, rhythm, and intonation—rather than separate, individual sounds.
Suprasegmentals
When a final consonant sound moves over seamlessly to start the next vowel-starting word naturally, such as in "read it", this is called _____.
Linking
A _____ is a small "parcel" of a long sentence that is spoken cleanly on a single, continuous breath
Tone unit
English is a ______-timed language because the time between its stressed words remains equal, moving like a bouncing ball
When the vocal chords vibrate, the resulting sound is ______.
Voiced
______ is when the speaker says one word louder, longer, and higher-pitched than any other word
Stress
The specific consonant sound that is completely deleted or dropped by native speakers during the phrase "must try" is the _____ sound.
/t/
This specific tone change is naturally used at the end of open-ended questions starting with who, what, where, or why
Falling tone
To make a syllable sound stressed in English, a speaker's voice must change to make the vowel louder, higher in pitch, or _____.
Longer (in duration)
The final sound in words like "wing" and "sing" is a ______ consonant.
Nasal
When comparing the sentences "He lives in PARIS" (a statement) and "He lives in PARIS?" (showing absolute shock), which suprasegmental feature is changing?
Intonation OR Pitch
Which unwritten consonant sound is naturally inserted by the mouth to bridge the awkward vowel gap in the phrase "he is"?
the /j/ or "y" sound
This type of is intonation pattern is universally used to signal openness, incompleteness, uncertainty, or standard Yes/No questions.
Rising tone
Spanish is a _____-timed language where every syllable ticks along with roughly the same speed and strength.
Syllable
Consonants /p/, /b/, and /m/ that require both lips to touch completely to block the airflow are _______.
Bilabial
If an EFL student speaks English with a flat, metronome-like beat where every single syllable gets equal time and strength, they are not using English's stress-timed ______.
Rhythm
In natural conversation, the phrase "an apple" is pronounced smoothly as "a-napple" because of ____.
Linking
A complex tone drops and then curls back up to show polite disagreement or imply a hidden "yes, but..." meaning is called a ______.
Fall-rise tone
Nouns, main verbs, adjectives, and adverbs receive strong stress beats because they are _______ words, which carry the real data of a message.
_______ vowel sounds are created by gliding smoothly from one vowel sound to another vowel sound inside the same single syllable
Diphthong
Because suprasegmentals control the rising and falling tones, pitch, and beat of our voices across a sentence, they are often compared to ______.
Music
____ ____ occurs when a clear, strong vowel becaomes a short, weak, lazy breath sound in an unaccented syllable
Vowel reduction
The system of deciding which exact word inside a Tone Unit gets to be the nucleus—the peak syllable where the primary musical pitch movement actually begins is called _____.
Tonicity
In a stress-timed language like English, the speaker naturally uses _____ _____ on weak function words to keep the rhythm moving quickly between major stress peaks.
Vowel reduction