This is the reason animals regulate their temperature.
What is to maintain chemical reaction rate?
100
This is a scientific term for temperature regulation
What is thermoregulation?
100
This is the part of the neuron that contains the nucleus.
What is the cell body (or soma)?
100
This is a phase of the neuron where sodium is high on the outside and potassium is high on the inside, and there is no change in membrane potential occuring
What is resting potential?
100
This is the ionic charge on the inside of the neuronal axon.
What is a negative charge?
200
This is the scientific term for animals that regulate their temperature PRIMARILY by exploiting their external environment (e.g., burrowing and basking)
What are ectotherms (or poikilotherms)?
200
This is the scientific term for animals whose temperature is regulated PRIMARILY by their metabolism
What are endotherms (or homeotherms)
200
This is the part of the neuron where the nerve impulse is propagated away from the body of the cell to be transmitted to another neuron or organ.
What is the axon?
200
This is a phase of action potential in which potassium channels open up, allowing potassium to flow out of the neuron until it equalizes on both sides of the membrane
What is repolarization?
200
This is a phase of action potential where sodium channels open, allowing sodium to flow into the cell until it equalizes on both sides
What is depolarization?
300
These are two Classes of animals that regulate their body temperature using their metabolism.
What are Mammalia and Aves
300
These are two GROUPS (some I introduced as classes, some I did not) of animals that primarily exploit their environment to regulate their body temperature.
What are invertebrates, fishes, amphibians, and reptiles?
300
These are cellular extensions of the neuron that RECEIVE sensory information from many sources, such as other neurons or sensory organs, simultaneously.
What are dendrites?
300
This is a phase in action potential where membrane potential begins to go up
What is depolarization?
300
This is a phase in action potential where membrane potential begins to go down
What is repolarization?
400
This is a temperature regulation mechanism whereby capillaries near the surface of the skin close off, conserving heat in the core of the body.
What is vasoconstriction?
400
This is an anatomical adaptation in insects that allows them to convert sunlight into heat energy.
What is dark colored exoskeleton (or dark coloration)?
400
This is composed of many groupings of neurons.
What is a nerve?
400
This is the voltage difference between the inside of the cell membrane and outside the cell membrane
What is membrane potential?
400
This is a phase in action potential where the membrane potential dips below that of resting potential
What is hyperpolarization?
500
This physiological mechanism of temperature regulation is an adaptation that developed in endotherms (homeotherms) and reduces the overall theoretical net yield of ATP in the electron transport chain.
What is the proton leak channel? (you may also see non-shivering thermogenesis as an answer related to this, as well)
500
This is an environment in or under the snow where winter-active vertebrates and invertebrates are insulated from the extreme cold temperatures above the snow.
What is the subnivean environment?
500
This is a structure that is a cell that grows and wraps around the neuron axon; it functions in speeding up the nerve impulse, nourishing the cell, and helping to remove metabolic waste from the neuron.
What is the myelin sheath? (produced by Schwann Cells in the PNS or oligodendrocytes in the CNS)
500
These restore the ions back to their original positions on the inside and outside of the neuron cell membrane
What are sodium-potassium pumps?
500
This happens when the flow of sodium into the neuron stimulates adjacent voltage gated sodium ion channels to open up, allowing even more sodium to flow into the neuron at that adjacent location.