The Periodic Table
Noble Gases
Alkali Metals and Halogens
Periodic Table Trends
Grab Bag
100
This periodic table was arranged by atomic masses, had spaces left for undiscovered elements, and did not include the Lanthanides, Actinides and the Noble Gas family.
What is Mendeleev's Periodic Table?
100
The definition of an octet.
When the outer shell of an element is full with eight valence electrons.
100
The reason for the very large jump in the second ionization energy compared to the first ionization energy for the alkali metals.
The first ionization energy is relatively low because alkali metals need to lose one valence electron to make an octet. The second ionization energy is very high because it takes a lot of energy to break an octet.
100
The reason why Sodium's Atomic Radius is greater than Chlorine's Atomic Radius.
Chlorine has 17 protons and Sodium has 11 protons. The more protons in the atoms' nuclei the stronger inward pull the protons have on the valence electrons, thus decreasing atomic radii. Therefore Sodium's 11 protons do not have as strong of a pull as Chlorines 17 protons, thus giving Sodium a greater atomic radius.
100
Name the group, period, and block of this element: [Ar] 4s^2 3d^5.
Group: 7 Period: 4 Block: d
200
Point out the metals, metalloids, and nonmetals on the Periodic Table.
Where are the metals located? left Where are the metalloids located? along the zig-zag line Where are the nonmetals located? right
200
The noble gas configuration for Aluminum.
What is [Ne] 3s^2 3p^1?
200
The reason alkali metals are so reactive.
The alkali metals have to lose one valence electron to become stable.
200
The reason why Barium has a lower Ionization Energy than Magnesium.
Barium has 6 energy levels and Magnesium only has three. Barium's valence electrons are more easily removed because the protons in the nucleus do not have as strong of a pull on the valence electrons due to them being farther away. Also, the shielding effect occurs.
200
The reason why atomic radii increases as you move down a column.
There are more energy levels being used and the valence electrons are farther from the nucleus at higher energy levels.
300
The creator of the Periodic Law.
Who is Henry Moseley?
300
The reason for the lack of reactivity of the Noble Gases.
Noble Gases have a full outer shell of valence electrons so they do not need to react with other elements because they are already stable.
300
The reasons why halogens are so reactive.
Halogens have 7 valence electrons and need to gain one electron to have a stable noble gas configuration.
300
The reason why Ionization Energy increases when moving across a row.
When moving across a row the increased number of protons in the nuclei of the elements strongly attracts valence electrons in the same energy level. The more strongly attracted to the nucleus an electron is, the higher the ionization energy will be.
300
The word for the distance between 2 nuclei divided by 2.
What is atomic radius?
400
The law that states that physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.
What is the Periodic Law?
400
Name the group, period, and block of this element: [Xe] 6s^2 5d^6.
Group: 8 Period: 6 Block: d
400
The compound that halogens and most metals form.
What is salt?
400
The two competing factors that increase and decrease electron affinity when moving down a column.
Electron affinity INCREASES when moving down a column because the increased number of protons can more easily attract electrons. Electron affinity DECREASES when moving down a column because the atomic radii increases, making it harder for the protons to attract electrons due to the farther distance at which the electrons are from the nucleus and the shielding effect.
400
The name of the scientist who devised a scale of electronegativities.
Who is Linus Pauling?
500
This group of elements is soft, silver, and very reactive.
What is the Group 1 elements/Alkali Metals?
500
This element has a noble gas configuration of [Xe] 6s^2 5d^10 6p^2.
What is the noble gas configuration for Lead?
500
The substance in which alkali metals are stored.
What is kerosene/mineral oil?
500
The reason why Bromine has a higher electronegativity than Potassium.
Bromine's seven valence electrons can more easily attract another electron to form a noble gas configuration. Potassium would prefer to lose its one valence electron when it reacts, thus making Potassium's electronegativity low.
500
The two reasons why a cation's radius is always smaller than its neutral atom's radius.
1. The loss of outer electrons results in a smaller electron cloud. 2. Since there are more protons than electrons, the remaining electrons are drawn closer to the nucleus.
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