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The Renaissance

100

During the Renaissance, humanist philosophers emphasized the importance of 1. individualism 2. absolutism 3. religious salvation 4. technological advancements

1. individualism

200

A reason the Renaissance began in the Italian city-states was that they 1. rejected the power of the papacy 2. were unified by Garibaldi 3. had wealth gained from trade with Constantinople 4. prevented guilds from functioning

3. had wealth gained from trade with Constantinople

300

A key feature of European Renaissance culture was 1. an outlook emphasizing classicism, secularism, and individualism 2. a reliance on the Pope and his knights to maintain political stability 3. a shift in production from the domestic system to the factory system 4. a way of thinking stressing humility and Christian faith

1.an outlook emphasizing classicism, secularism, and individualism

400

Which statement is consistent with the ideas of Niccolò Machiavelli? 1. Democratic principles should be followed faithfully. 2. The law should be subject to the will of the leader. 3. Human rights should be respected in all countries. 4. Markets should operate with little governmental interference.

2. the law should be subject to the will of the leader

500

Which term is defined as a Renaissance movement characterized by independent thought and a renewed interest in classical Greek and Roman culture? 1. multiculturalism 2. humanism 3. nationalism 4. monasticism

2. humanism

Protestant Reformation

100

One major effect of the Protestant Reformation on western Europe was the 1. decline in religious unity 2. increased power of the Catholic pope 3. reduction in religious wars 4. increase in the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church

1. decline in religious unity

200

One way in which Martin Luther’s Ninety-five Theses and Henry VIII’s Act of Supremacy are similar is that both 1. emphasize the importance of the Bible 2. caused the Thirty Years War 3. challenged the authority of the Catholic Church 4. helped to unify Christendom

3. challenged the authority of the Catholic Church

300

Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII all played a key role in the 1. attempts made to reclaim the Holy Land 2. fall of the Ottoman Empire 3. end of religious unity in Europe 4. establishment of parliamentary democracy in Britain

3. end of religious unity in Europe

400

Which situation was a direct challenge to the political and religious authority of the Catholic Church? 1. passage of the Act of Supremacy under Henry VIII 2. death sentence given to Joan of Arc 3. Reconquista of Spain conducted by Ferdinand and Isabella 4. establishment of the Jesuit order under Ignatius Loyola

1. passage of the Act of Supremacy under Henry VIII

500

One result of the Protestant Reformation was 1. fewer challenges to Church authority 2. a decline in religious unity in western Europe 3. the disbanding of the Jesuit order 4. a weakening of the Inquisition

2. a decline in religious unity in western Europe

Age of Expl/Scientific Rev.

100

-Copernicus’ heliocentric model of the universe -Newton’s law of gravitation -Descartes’ belief in truth through reason This set of ideas from the Scientific Revolution gave Europeans a new way to 1. view humankind’s place in the universe 2. support the core beliefs of the church 3. authenticate historical facts 4. verify civil liberties

1. view humankind's place in the universe

200

Which key factor fueled competition between European countries for colonies in the Americas? 1. a European shortage of pepper and nutmeg 2. a mandate from the papacy 3. the desire to control sources of gold and silver 4. the need to secure laborers for factories in Europe

3. the desire to control sources of gold and silver

300

One way in which the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment are similar is that both 1. led to increased power for royal families in Europe 2. sought to reconcile Christian beliefs and science 3. questioned traditional values and past practices 4. promoted nationalistic revolutions in eastern Europe

3. questioned traditional values and past practices

400

New scientific knowledge and understandings that developed during the Scientific Revolution were most often based on 1. observation and experimentation 2. church law and faith 3. superstition and ancient practices 4 geometric formulas and astrology

1. observation and experimentation

500

The impact of the printing press, astrolabe, and caravel on 16th-century Europe demonstrates the ability of technology to 1. limit which ideas can be transmitted 2. redefine human understanding of the world 3. reinforce established traditional beliefs 4. exploit new sources of energy

2. redefine human understanding of the world

China

100

Which individual developed an Asian philosophy associated with the five relationships, filial piety, and the Analects? 1. Laozi (Lao Tzu) 2. Confucius 3. Han Wudi 4. Siddhartha Gautama

2. Confucius

200

-Zheng He’s seven voyages are sponsored by the government. -Corn and peanuts are introduced into the people’s diet. -The Forbidden City is built in Beijing. Which time period is associated with these statements? 1. Ming dynasty 2. Tokugawa shogunate 3. rule of Kublai Khan 4. Japanese annexation of Korea

1. Ming dynasty

300

Both the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were known for 1. developing decentralized political structures 2. having governments dominated by a merchant class 3. using examinations to select officials 4. having long periods of stable government

4. having long periods of stable government

400

Which belief system was the basis for the civil service exams given during the Han, Tang, and Song dynasties? 1. legalism 2. Daoism 3. Buddhism 4. Confucianism

4. Confucianism

500

One way in which filial piety in Confucian China and citizenship in ancient Athens are similar is that both 1. emphasized duties and responsibilities in society 2. encouraged the development of advanced technology 3. promoted respect for the physical environment 4. required that legalist principles be followed

1. emphasized duties and responsibilities in society

A Mixed Bag

100

In the 14th century, the bubonic plague was primarily spread from Asia into Africa and Europe by 1. sailors during Viking raids 2. traders and pilgrims during Pax Mongolia 3. enslaved Africans on the Middle Passage 4. missionaries during the European Age of Exploration

2. Traders and pilgrims during Pax Mongolia

200

The creation of independent city-states in ancient Greece can be most directly attributed to the 1. diverse ethnic groups in the region 2. large number of different languages 3. rugged mountainous terrain 4. practice of oligarchy

3. rugged mountainous terrain

300

What was an important strategy used by both the Romans and the Incas to unify their empires? 1. building a large network of roads and bridges 2. using powerful navies to protect sea trade routes 3. supporting free-market economies by minting silver coins 4. granting citizenship and voting rights to conquered peoples

1. building a large network of roads and bridges

400

Baron de Montesquieu believed that a separation of powers would 1. prevent tyranny by acting as a check on power 2. restore authority to the Roman Catholic Church 3. increase corruption of political authority 4. decrease the power of the middle class

1. prevent tyranny by acting as a check on power

500

Why is the Enlightenment considered a turning point in world history? 1. The factory system was used to mass-produce goods. 2. Martin Luther broke away from the Roman Catholic Church. 3. Europeans changed their thinking about the role of government. 4. The Columbian exchange occurred.

3. Europeans changed their thinking about the role of government