Atom
Bonding
Macromolecules
Enzymes
100
The three particles that make up atoms are
protons, neutrons, and electrons.
100
A substance made up of one kind of atom is
an element
100
A nucleotide has a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group and...
5 carbon sugar
100
True/False: Enzymes are proteins
true
200
What are found in the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom?
electrons
200
In an covalent bond, electrons are ....
shared
200
Starch is made up of ....
simple sugars
200
The energy needed to get a reaction started is the
activation energy
300
If an atom contains 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons, its mass number is
7
300
What is a compound?
a substance formed by the chemical joining of two or more elements in definite amounts
300
What is the monomer that makes up proteins?
amino acids
300
Enzymes change the _______ of the reaction?
speed
400
If an atom contains 15 protons and 13 neutrons, its atomic number is
11
400
True/False: The physical and chemical properties of a compound are usually very different from those of the elements from which it is formed.
True
400
Which kind of macromolecule is part of cell membranes?
lipids
400
What does a catalyst do?
Speeds up a reaction
500
What kind of ion is formed when and atom gains an electron?
negative
500
What type of electron is available to form bonds?
electrons
500
What is special about carbon atoms that allow them to form so many bonds?
has four valence electrons. Each electron can join with an electron from another atom to form a covalent bond. Carbon can bond with many elements, including hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and nitrogen. Second, a carbon atom can bond to other carbon atoms, which gives carbon the ability to form chains that are of great length. These carbon–carbon bonds can be single, double, or triple bonds. Chains of carbon atoms can even close upon themselves to form rings and loops. Carbon thus has the ability to form millions of different large and complex structures.
500
What do enzymes do in a cell? (name 2 functions)
regulating chemical pathways, making materials that cells need, releasing energy, and transferring information.
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