Ch. 5
Process when individuals with helpful traits are more likely to survive long enough to reproduce and pass down their traits
Natural Selection
Factors that threaten or harm human health are called
(Start with an H)
Hazards
What event in the late-1700s to early-1800's significantly changed human population growth
Industrial Revolution
What percentage of Earth’s water is freshwater
2.5%
The term for the nutrient buildup causing low oxygen
Eutriphication
When individuals move into or out of a population and change its gene pool, this process is called
Gene Flow
Smoking cigarettes is an example of what type of hazard?
Social
Which combination of factors will produce the highest rate of population growth. Think in terms of life expectancy and infant mortality.
high life expectancy and low infant mortality
A small river flowing into a larger one
(Starts with a T)
Tributary
Which type of pollution is increased water temperature
Thermal pollution
Which mechanism of biological evolution involves changes in DNA that create genetic variation?
Mutation
What type of hazard includes earthquakes, fires, and droughts
Physical
Term for the average number of children a female member of the population has during her lifetime
(total ___________ rate)
Total fertility rate
Term for the increase toxins up food chain
Biomagnification or Bioaccumulation
What percentage of water that we use is groundwater
80%
What 3 things does a niche include
1. Where it lives
2. Role in the community (Ecosystem engineer)
3. Resource Use
The study of how poisonous substances affect organisms
Toxicology
The richest 1/5 of the world's population uses what percent of the world's resources?
86%
What is sediment pollution caused by
Erosion
What is the name for the land area that supplies water to a body of water
Which term describes competition among members of the same species?
Intraspecific competition
The relationship between the amount of exposure and the effect it causes
Dose-response relationship
In which year did the human population reach 1 billion people?
1800
The term for the boundary between zones
Water Table
What percentage of water is used for agriculture
69%