Evidence
This type of evidence helps us identify species through Gill slits and Tails....
Embryonic and development similarities
A female rabbit had five offspring in one litter. Two of the five baby rabbits were able to survive into adulthood. Why are some animals more likely to survive to adulthood than other animals?
A. They are able to have more offspring than other animals.
B. They are able to sense and respond to their environment better.
B. They are able to sense and respond to their environment better.
Define Adaptations
Anything that helps an organism to survive and reproduce
The oldest known fossils have been dated to be about 3.5 billion years old. The fossils are stromatolites which are layered structures formed by photosynthetic bacteria. Which of these data are most likely to provide the strongest evidence that living things existed earlier even than 3.5 billion years ago?
B. Chemical data consisting of ratios of carbon isotopes in regions of rock.
What is another name for the Theory of Evolution?
Change Over Time
Molecular (DNA) Similarities
Which of the following would provide the best evidence that Species A and Species B have a common ancestor?
A.The limbs of Species A have a similar structure to the limbs of Species B, but they perform a different function.
A. The limbs of Species A have a similar structure to the limbs of Species B, but they perform a different function.
Peppered moths use the adaptation of camouflage as protection from predators. They may have a variety of colors or shades, but before the Industrial Revolution, they were typically white with black speckles. The Industrial Revolution in the 1880s introduced large-scale pollution into the environment. The pollution resulted in widespread, dark-colored staining of buildings and trees.
Which of the following was the most likely effect of the Industrial Revolution on peppered moths in cities?
A. The peppered moths adapted an improved sense of sight and smell.
B. The population of light-colored moths decreased and the population of dark-colored moths increased.
Geologic evidence suggests that the land that is now Death Valley in California was once covered by a huge lake. When the last Ice Age ended, the lake dried up, leaving only small spring-fed ponds. Today, each pond contains a species of fish that lives only in that pond. How might the different fish species have arisen from the original population? A. Materials required for courting rituals were not present in the new ponds so mating was extremely limited.
C. Members of a single species in the lake evolved differently after becoming separated in distinct ponds
Who discovered evolution, by investigating how inherited traits change over generations due to natural selection?
Charles Darwin
Name he 3 types of Anatomical Structure
homologous, analogous, and vestigial
Arial’s home is sprayed with a pesticide to control an insect pest. She didn’t see any of the insects for a period of time, but eventually she begins to see the insects again. The next time the exterminator sprayed her house, they used the same pesticide, and it had no effect on the insect pest. What is the best way to explain this change in survivorship of the pests' population?
A. The original insect population was not very diverse.
B. The insects with pesticide-resistant traits survived and reproduced.
Fill in the blank.
An ___________ is the evolution of a structural, internal, or behavioral feature that helps an organism better survive in an environment.
Adaptation
The genetic code is the correlation of sequences of nucleotides in DNA to specific amino acids in proteins. The code has been shown to be identical in a wide variety of organisms. However, a scientist wants to identify a species in which the genetic code has at least some minor differences from the norm.
As predicted by evolutionary theory, which species is most likely to provide the exception the scientist is seeking?
A .a newly-created variety of orchid, rose, or other flowering plant
B. a species from Domain Archaea that lives near thermal vents on the ocean floor
B. a species from Domain Archaea that lives near thermal vents on the ocean floor
Based on the theory of evolution, if a population possesses a large amount of genetic variety, what level of variety can be expected in the future for that same population?
A. The population will maintain the same level of genetic variety.
B. The population will tend to become extinct.
C. The population will increase in variety over time.
Name the 3 processes of evolution
punctuated equilibrium, gradualism, and catastrophism
Name the 3 patterns of evolution
convergent, divergent, predator-prey relationships
Some reptiles can only see their prey when the prey is moving. What behavior of the reptiles’ prey may help them survive and reproduce?
A. emitting a foul odor when a predator is seen
C. staying still when a predator is seen
As predicted by evolutionary theory, the simplest mechanisms for osmoregulation are present in animals that live in which habitat?
A. tropical rain forests
B. oceans
Which of the following statements is true of evolution?
A. Limited resources discourage the evolution of species.
B. Evolution does not always progress in one set direction.
B. Evolution does not always progress in one set direction.
What evidence can directly show how species have changed over time
Fossils
_____________evolution is the process in which species that are not closely related to each other independently evolve similar kinds of traits.
Convergent
Name 2 Adaptations of a Eagle
Beak and claws
Which scientific observation provides the strongest evidence that all organisms alive today share an ancient common ancestor?
A. Organisms in different environments have analogous structures
C. The genetic code is essentially universal among all species of organisms.
Natural selection operates on populations over many generations. Which of the following allows natural selection to occur?
A. the unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproduce
A. the unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproduce