Chapter 1: Intro, History, & Theory
A male college student begins feeling sad and lonely. Although still able to go to classes and
work at his job, he finds himself feeling down much of the time and worrying about what is
happening to him. Which part of the definition of abnormality applies to his situation?
Personal Distress
Which lobe of the brain is associated with psychopathology
frontal
The most widely used personality inventory is the _____
MMPI-2
What is the emphasis of humanistic therapists?
The client is the expert; person centered approach
hat is another word for etiology in terms of psychological disorders?
Cause
Which part of the nervous system is activated when the body is in stress or danger
sympathetic
hen using neuroimaging techniques, what are some of the advantages of an MRI as
opposed to a CT scan?
less radiation and more specificity
what is one drawback of psychological classification?
a diagnostic label might be used to characterize personally the total individual.
hat were the two opinions of the etiology of mental illness in the middle ages?
supernatural (demons and witches) and stress and melancholy
In the _________ model, people inherit a vulnerability to express certain traits or
behaviors that may be activated under certain conditions
diathesis-stress
By definition, ______ measures consistency; ________ measures whether a technique
assesses what it is supposed to.
reliability; validity
Systematic desensitization, classical conditioning, & operant conditioning are associated with the _______________model.
behavioral
Bloodletting, a treatment devised centuries ago to restore the balance of humors, was
accomplished with the use of ____________.
leeches
Central nervous system is composed of
brain and spinal cord
True or False: an IQ score determines someone's level of intelligence
FALSE
Maria should recover quickly with no intervention necessary. Without treatment, John will deteriorate rapidly. This part of the clinical description is know as the ___________________
prognosis
Teresa, normally an energetic mother of three small children, is suddenly unable to go shopping,
prepare meals, or even dress her children. Teresa’s behavior illustrates the practical definition of
abnormality called
dysfunction
Nathan, age 16, finds it more difficult than his seven year old sister to adjust to his parents
recent separation. This may be explained by _____________model
developmental
When Lisa was brought to Dr. Miller’s office, he asked if she knew the date and time, her
identity, and where she was. What part of the mental status exam was he performing?
sensorium
While the present DSM relies on a categorical system of diagnosis, future editions will most likely focus more on a _________________________.
spectrum model