Respiratory Anatomy
This structure forms crude sounds into intelligible speech.
What are the structures of the oral cavity?
When intrapulmonary pressure drops below atmospheric pressure, this occurs.
What is inhalation (inspiration)?
The functional unit of the kidney.
What is the nephron?
Carbohydrate digestion begins here.
What is the mouth?
Each hemoglobin molecule can bind this many oxygen molecules.
What is four?
These grape-like clusters are the site of gas exchange.
What are alveolar sacs?
A tidal volume of 500 mL with 150 mL of dead space results in this much air participating in gas exchange.
What is 350 mL?
The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs here.
What is the glomerulus?
Protein digestion begins here.
What is the stomach?
Blood in the urine is called this.
What is hematuria?
The principal muscle responsible for inspiration.
What is the diaphragm?
The respiratory control center considered the pacemaker of breathing.
What is the ventral respiratory group (VRG)?
This hormone acts primarily on the distal convoluted tubule.
What is aldosterone?
This organ stores excess glucose as glycogen.
What is the liver?
Pus in the urine is called this.
What is pyuria?
This structure contains ciliated epithelial cells that move mucus upward.
What is the trachea?
The gas with the highest concentration in atmospheric air.
What is nitrogen?
In a healthy kidney, very little of this substance is filtered.
What are proteins?
n a healthy kidney, very little protein (such as albumin) is filtered by the glomerulus. The glomerular filtration barrier is highly selective, restricting larger molecules while allowing smaller solutes like water, glucose, and electrolytes to pass.
These structures greatly increase surface area for nutrient absorption.
What are villi and microvilli?
This accessory digestive organ is NOT considered part of the digestive tract.
What is the pancreas?
This structure in the throat is not considered part of the larynx though it is close by.
What is the hyoid bone?
This chemical stimulus has the least influence on normal breathing.
What is oxygen?
meticulously regulated by carbon dioxide CO2 levels and resulting blood pH. Small increases in CO2 quickly trigger the central chemoreceptors in the brain to increase ventilation
Arrange these nephron structures in the correct order:
Renal corpuscle, PCT, Loop of Henle, DCT, Collecting duct.
What is Renal corpuscle → PCT → Loop of Henle → DCT → Collecting duct?
These cells secrete hydrochloric acid into the stomach.
What are parietal cells?
This brain structure coordinates swallowing (deglutition).
What is the medulla oblongata?