Algae
How does seaweed keep their blades close to the surface?
Floats; bulbs filled with CO
What's an example of a bryophyte?
Moss, liverwort, hornwort
The most major innovation that lycophytes have.
What four major innovations of gymnosperms?
Pollen, Ovules, Seeds, and Wood
Three major innovations for angiosperms
Flowers, Fruits, Double Fertilization
What is the primary pigment found in most algae?
Cells are specialized to promote the movement of solutes from gametophyte to embryo.
Placental transfer tissue
Do lycophytes contain all of the following: a sporophyte stage, an archegonium, and an embryo
No, embryos did not show up until gymnosperms
Meristematic tissue that produces xylem and phloem
Vascular Cambium
This occurs in the style and determines what pollen grains fertilizes the egg
Pollen Competition
Food, cattle feed, biofuels, fertilizers, and fabrics
Bryophytes lacks many features that other plant species have, including roots. What structure do bryophytes have that function like roots?
Rhizoids
X: Water and dissolved nutrients, P: sugars and metabolic products
Found in cycadophyta, a special adaption has trapped cyanobacteria in this above ground part of the plant?
Corraliod root
The develop of fruits added in dispersal, which prevents/aids seedling and parent survival
Competition and colonization
What is the only "true" marine plant?
Seagrass
Following the pattern of alternation of generations, multicellular diploid ______ makes ____ spores through _____.
Sporophyte, haploid, meiosis
While plants continued to evolve larger and more complex leaves, lycophytes kept these kinds of leaves
Lycophyll or microphyll
While most of the ovule in gymnosperms is considered haploid, there is one part that is not
Integuments
Endosperm, food store for when the seed is released
What kinds of reproduction does algae perform?
Asexual reproduction (Fragmentation), No alterations of generations, Alternation of 2 generations, Alternation of 3 generations
While bryophytes have many adaptations to live on land, to reproduce, they still need one thing that they're ancestors used to reproduce? What is it?
This part of lycophytes acts to not only grow new leaves but also roots.
The megasporangium produces _____ through _____, which then produce _____ through ______
Megaspores, Meiosis, female gametophytes through mitosis
Describe the steps of Seed Germination
Imbibition, Activation of metabolism, Embryo grows, Radicle (embryonic root) grows into the soil, Plumule (embryonic shoot) grows towards the light