Neurons
A short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.
A broad band of nerve fibers joining the two hemispheres of the brain
Corpus callosum
A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired: a response which is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.
Classical conditioning
The insulating covering that surrounds an axon and increases the speed at which a nerve impulse can travel
Myelin sheath
Lobe of the brain involved in motor function, problem solving, spontaneity, memory, language, initiation, judgement, and impulse control
Frontal lobe
The reappearance of a response that had been extinguished
Spontaneous Recovery
Chemical messengers that send information between neurons by crossing a synapse
Neurotransmitters
Part of the limbic system associated mainly with memory, in particular long-term memory
Method of learning that consists of observing and modeling another individual’s behavior, attitudes, or emotional expressions.
Observational learning
The change in electrical potential associated with the passage of an impulse along the membrane of a nerve cell.
Action potential
Part of the brain involved in primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the primary auditory cortex.
Temporal lobe
A type of operant conditioning that involves presenting an unfavorable outcome or event following an undesirable behavior in order to decrease that behavior
Positive punishment
The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life
Neural plasticity
A complex and ongoing process by which differing regions of the brain “take over” the functioning of specific behaviors and cognitive skills
Brain lateralization
A schedule when reinforcement is delivered after every single target behavior
Continuous Schedule of Reinforcement