Wavelengths & Energy
How are wavelength & frequency related to each other?
indirectly proportional
What does the angular momentum quantum number describe?
orbital shape
What value can n never be?
0
Which group of elements make up the "d-block" on the periodic table?
transition metals
What is ionization energy?
the energy required to remove an outer-most electron w/in an atom to form a cation
What is Plank's constant?
6.626*10^-34 J*s
What is the probability of finding an electron within a node?
0%
What are the only values ms can be?
+1/2 or -1/2
What do electron configurations describe?
the distribution of electrons w/in an element's various orbitals
What is electron affinity?
the energy released when an atom adds an electron to form an anion
How are concentration & absorbance related to each other?
directly proportional
List the four shapes that show up on the periodic table.
s, p, d, f
What do quantum numbers describe?
a region of space (aka orbital) that electrons may be found
What does the Aufbau principle say?
lowest energy orbitals are filled first w/ electrons
If the difference in electronegativity between two atoms is 2.0, which type of bond is present?
polar covalent
What is the photoelectric effect?
the emission of electrons when light hits a metal
Why do we label the last shell of an orbital as "90%"?
because there is a 90% probability of finding an electron within an orbital
What does ml describe about an orbital?
orientation
What does Pauli's exclusion principle say?
no two electrons may have the same set of quantum numbers
Why does atomic size increase from top to bottom on the periodic table?
the addition of quantum shells makes atoms larger
Describe both absorbance & emission in terms of electron energy states.
when electrons absorb energy they get into an "excited state" & when electrons emit energy they fall to their "ground state"
What is different about the radial function graph for an s-orbital compared to a p-orbital or d-orbital?
because p-orbitals & d-orbitals have angular nodes, their graphs start at the origin while the s-orbtial's graph does not
Valid or Invalid? - (8, 3, 0, +1/2)
valid
When working with transition metal cations, from which orbitals should you remove electrons from first?
the lowest energy orbitals that are not apart of the element's core electrons
Why does atomic size decrease from left to right on the periodic table?