Classic Perspectives on Personality
Contemporary Perspectives on Personality
Basic Concepts of Psychological Disorders
Specific Disorders
Therapy
100
Personality is best described as:
A. implicit memories
B. most noticeable characteristics
C. characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting
D. hidden thoughts and emotions
C. characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting
100
Eysenck and Eysenck believed we could reduce our individual personality variations to these two dimensions.
What are introversion-extraversion and emotional stability-instability?
100
Psychological disorders consist of emotions, behavior, and cognitive processes that are all of the following EXCEPT:
A. maladaptive
B. dysfunctional
C. disruptive to daily functioning
D. immoral
D. immoral
100
Episodes of intense dread that last for several minutes and are accompanied by shortness of breath, trembling, dizziness, or an irregular heartbeat are most characteristic of
Panic Disorder
100
Humanistic therapies aim to boost people’s self-fulfillment by helping them to grow in
A. Progressive relaxation
B. adaptive self-talk
C. functional behaviors
D. self-acceptance
D. self-acceptance
200
Humanistic theories focus on:
A. characteristic patterns of behavior
B. childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations
C. the interaction between people's traits and social context
D. inner capacity for growth, and self-fulfillment
D. inner capacity for growth, and self-fulfillment
200
Mary is an extravert and Angelina is an introvert. Would we expect the frontal lobe areas which inhibit behaviors to be less or more active in Mary compared to Angelina?
Less active
200
The American Psychological Association defines a psychological disorder as:
A. a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in a person’s cognitions, emotion regulation, or behavior.
B. any behavior that has physical causes.
C. any behavior caused by environmental stress.
D. the molecular mechanisms by which environments can influence genetic expression without a DNA change.
A. a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in a person’s cognitions, emotion regulation, or behavior.
200
Deidre is constantly nervous, tense, and apprehensive. She worries about her health, her job, her children, and her relatives. Her husband has tried to reassure her that everything is going well, but she can't seem to shake her pervasive anxiety. Deidre may be experiencing
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
200
Three benefits attributed to all psychotherapies are
A. evidence-based practice, nondirective treatment, and meta-analysis.
B. hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship.
C. exposure, desensitization, and relaxation.
D. insight, independence, and a placebo effect.
B. hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship.
300
Psychodynamic theories focus on:
A. characteristic patterns of behavior
B. childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations
C. the interaction between people's traits and social context
D. inner capacity for growth, and self-fulfillment
B. childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations
300
Jo Ann scores high on the Big Five trait dimension of neuroticism and is likely to be:
a. practical and prefers routine
b. imaginative and prefers variety
c. calm, secure and self-satisfied
d. anxious, insecure and self-pitying
d. anxious, insecure and self-pitying
300
Dr. Harris’ research focuses on the ways in which psychological disorders result from interactions between a person’s physiology, emotions, and cultural influences. This emphasis best illustrates
A. the medical model
B. epigenetics
C. the biopsychosocial approach
D. the medical model
C. the biopsychosocial approach
300
Gail is constantly worried that her 3-year-old daughter will be infected with germs when someone touches her. Gail has developed elaborate hand-washing rituals so that she won't infect her daughter, and she will not allow others to hug, speak to, or play with her daughter unless she can first supervise their hand-washing. Gail may be experiencing
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
300
Pablo is 4 years old and experiences bed-wetting. Which therapy(ies) would be best to treat his problem?
A. Cognitive
B. Cognitive-behavioral
C. Behavioral
D. Humanistic/Person-centered
C. Behavioral
400
Freud defined this as a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings and memoires.
What is the unconscious?
400
We know that Tabby scores high on extraversion, thus we can say that
A. Tabby will raise her hand and talk in her psychology class today.
B. Tabby's average outgoingness is predictable over many situations. For example, Tabby will likely post more on social media over the course of a year than someone who is low in extraversion.
C. Tabby will spend time with friends this weekend.
D. Tabby's extraversion does not tell us anything about Tabby's behavior.
B. Tabby's average outgoingness is predictable over many situations. For example, Tabby will likely post more on social media over the course of a year than someone who is low in extraversion.
400
This model was born after it was discovered that psychological disordered behaviors could result from syphilis.
A. Epigenetic model
B. The DSM-5 classification model
C. Psychoanalytic approach/model
D. the medical model.
D. the medical model.
400
A therapist suggests that Mr. Gutteling continues to pick at the skin around his nails because this behavior often reduced his feelings of anxiety in the past. The therapist's suggestion most clearly highlights the influence of
A. reinforcement
B. natural selection
C. resiliency
D. stimulus extinction
A. reinforcement
400
Kathy told her therapist that she thought her drinking problem might be a symptom of unconscious anger with her romantic partner. Her therapist chuckled and said, “No, Kathy, your problem isn’t unconscious anger; your problem is drinking.” It sounds like Kathy’s therapist is applying principles of ________ therapy.
A. behavior
B. cognitive
C. humanistic
D. psychodynamic
A. behavior
500
Easton's therapist tells him to shut his eyes and tell him whatever comes to his mind no matter how trivial or embarrassing. Easton's therapist is using ______________.
What is free association?
500
People scoring high in extraversion are likely to
a. become leaders and post more on social media.
b. be caring and law-abiding.
c. feel stressed and overwhelmed during a pandemic.
d. perform better in school.
a. become leaders and post more on social media.
500
Randy is a clinician and is likely to diagnose disorders by using the detailed diagnostic criteria in the
A. Research Domain Criteria
B. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
C. International Classification of Diseases
D. Vulnerability-stress model
B. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
500
Research has found that those who have experienced abuse as a child may be at an increased risk for developing PTSD if they experience trauma as an adult because of ________, which are molecular tags that attach to chromosomes to turn specific genes on or off.
A. stimulus generalization
B. the amygdala
C. DNA
500
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are prescribed to
A. decrease the availability of norepinephrine.
B. reduce hallucinations and paranoia.
C. elevate arousal and mood.
D. reduce involuntary muscle movements.
C. elevate arousal and mood.